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Cognitive Development
The mental aspect of development that includes logic and memory, focusing on how thought processes influence our interaction with the world.
Piaget's Stages of Development
A theory describing four stages in children's intellectual development: Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete Operations, and Formal Operations.
Sensorimotor Stage
The first stage of Piaget's theory, occurring from birth to 2 years, where infants gain understanding of object permanence and cause-and-effect.
Preoperational Stage
The second stage of Piaget's theory, from ages 2 to 7, where children attribute life to inanimate objects and only understand one bit of information at a time.
Concrete Operations Stage
The third stage of Piaget's theory, from ages 7 to 11, where children can understand multiple pieces of information simultaneously and have a realistic view of the world.
Formal Operations Stage
The fourth stage of Piaget's theory, beginning in adolescence, where individuals can think abstractly and hypothetically.
Information Processing Theory
A theory that explains how the brain processes information akin to a computer, involving input, processing, and output.
Memory Processes
Components of information processing that include encoding, storage, and retrieval of information.
Vygotsky's Language and Development Theory
A theory suggesting that complex thinking originates from social interactions and emphasizes the role of language in personality development.
Zone of Proximal Development
The range of tasks that a learner can perform with guidance but not yet independently.
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