Shoulder, Hip, Knee, and Ankle Joints

Glenohumeral Joint

connects the scapula/humerus; ball and socket diarthrosis

glenoid labrum

lip of fibrocartilage that makes the shoulder more difficult to dislocate

Rotator cuff

muscles that allow circumduction

Ligaments of the shoulder include:

glenohumeral, coracohumeral, coracoacromial. coracoclavicular, and acromioclavicular

Muscles of the rotator cuff includes:

supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and sub subscapularis

Elbow joint

hinge diarthrosis formed by the humeroulnar joint and humeroradial joint

Ligaments of the elbow include:

the ulnar collateral ligament and radial collateral ligament

Hip Joint

ball and socket diarthrosis

acetabular labrum

lip of fibrocartilage that makes the hip more difficult to dislocate

Ligaments of the hip include:

iliofemoral, pubofemoral, and ischiofemoral, transverse acetabular, and ligamentum teres

The three articulations of the knee joint are the:

1. medial condyles of femur and tibia

2. lateral condyles of femur and tibia

3. patella to patellar surface of femur

Ligaments of the knee include:

the patellar ligament, popliteal ligaments; anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments, tibial and fibular collateral ligaments

Ligaments of the ankle joint includes:

posterior talofibular ligament, anterior talofibular ligament, and calcaneofibular ligament