Outline for Fifth Lab (2)

Pennate diatom

elongated; located in freshwater

Diatom

liberate most of the world’s oxygen; unicellular; base of food chain; silica

Centric diatom

located in saltwater; circle

Phaeophyta

brown algae; multicellular; alternation of generations

Rhodophyta

red algae; multicellular; alternation of generations; closely related

Is fucus (rockweed) phaeophyta or rhodophyta?

Fucus is phaeophyta

Heterokontophyta/chyrophyta

diatoms

Holdfasts

attachment/anchorage; not for water absorption; in laminaria

Stipe

holds blade towards light; in sargassum and laminaria

Blade

photosynthesis; in sargassum & laminaria

Air bladders

small balloons in sargassum that keep alga close to surface

Conceptacles

bumps with gametangia inside receptacles; fucus

Oogonium

fucus; female gametangia that undergoes meiosis to make eggs

Picture of chondrus crispus (Irish moss)

source of agar & carrageenan

Agar (chondrus crispus)

carb used to grow microbes in microbiology labs; test new antibiotics

How are kingdom fungi closer to animals than plants?

heterotrophic, store food as glycogen, & cell walls have chitin, not cellulose

Three phases of fungi LC

1n “feeding phase”, 1n + 1n dikaryotic conspicuous phase, & 2n spore-producing body (zygosporangium, ascus, & basidium)

Hyphae

genetically distinct filaments; collection is called mycelium

Plasmogamy

fusion of cytoplasm

Dikaryotic

two nucleus in same cells

Karyogamy

fusion of nuclei that produces spore-producing body that is microscopic; undergoes meiosis to produce haploid spores

Zygomycota

zygote; bread molds

Ascomycota

yeasts, molds, truffles; most diverse

Deuteromycota

conidial molds

Basidiomycota

mushrooms

Carrageenan

generic ice cream brands; used to smooth out texture in dairy