5.2 meiosis and genetic diversity (and some of 5.4)

meiosis contributes to genetic diversity… (2)

independent assortment (random single file order) and crossing over in prophase 1

Random fertilization

different gametes during fertilization, increasing genetic variation among offspring

when is mutation inherited?

mutation found in gamete cells pass down to offspring

consequence of nondisjunction

causes genetic disease (trisomy, monosomy)

what is genetics

the study of heredity and variation

mendelian

looks at one gene at a time (one gene for eye color)(Dom or recessive) -he studied pea plants, they have one gene per phenotype expressed

non mendelian

complex, multiple genes make up one trait

law of segregation

parent only gives on allele for a gene to each gamete, allele in gamete is random,

law of Independent assortment

laws that alleles of different genes are distributed independently of one another into gametes during meiosis.

co-dominance

both traits are expressed (two dominant traits) (black and white making speckled rooster)

incomplete dominance

a blending of traits where the phenotype is a mix of both alleles (e.g., red and white flowers producing pink offspring).