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CH.4 Terms- Env Sci
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Environmental Science
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32 Terms
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1
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Ecology
the study of how organisms interact with each other and their non-living env.
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Species
a group of individuals that are closely related and can mate to produce fertile offspring.
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Population
members of the same species that live in the same place at the same time.
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Community
all of the diff't populations in a certain area.
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Ecosystem
all of the living things and their physical env within a particular area.
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Biotic factors
Parts of an ecosystem that are living or used to be living
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Abiotic Factors
parts of an ecosystem that were never alive
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Habitat
The specific environment in which an organism lives
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Resource
anything an organism needs to survive and reproduce.
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Pop. density
A measure of how crowded a population is
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Pop. distribution
How organisms are arranged within an area
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Random distribution
Organisms arranged in no particular pattern
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Uniform distribution
Organisms evenly spaced
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clumped distribution
Organisms grouped near resources
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What is the most common type of distribution in nature?
clumped
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sex ratio
how many males vs. females there are in a population
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mortality
the rate at which individuals die in a population
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natality
the rate at which individuals are born
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Immigration-
individuals moving into a population.
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Emigration-
individuals moving out of a population.
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Migration-
seasonal movement into and out of an area.
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Carrying capacity-
the largest pop. size a given env. can sustainably support or handle.
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Density-dependent factors:
factors that increase with an increase in population density.
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Density-independent factors:
factors that do not change with population density.
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Biotic potential-
The maximum number of offspring an organism can produce in ideal conditions.
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gestation time-
how long it takes for embryo or fetus to develop and be "born"
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generation time-
the time from an organism's birth to the time it has its own offspring
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What type of population distribution would you expect to see in territorial animals?
uniform
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Is a dead organism biotic or abiotic?
biotic
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Sunlight is an example of an _______ factor.
abiotic
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A flood killing plants in an area would be a density _________ cause of death.
independent
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Disease spreading quickly through a packed population of organisms would be an example of a density _____ cause of death.
dependent
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