Video Notes: Agriculture - Propagation, Planting, Site Selection, and Tools (Vocabulary)

Vocabulary flashcards covering propagation methods, planting practices, site selection concepts, terminology, and common agricultural tools.

Asexual Method

Propagation of plants from a part of the plant (stem, root, or leaves) that regenerates into a new plant.

Transplanting

Planting seeds in a seed box or container and later moving the seedlings to the garden plot when they are large enough.

Transplanting shock

Temporary stress where newly transplanted plants drop older leaves while they grow new roots and shoots.

Shade netting

A shade cover placed over transplants to protect them from direct sunlight during the healing phase.

Seedlings

Young plants started from seeds or cuttings that are grown to transplantable size.

Direct Method

Planting seeds directly in plots or fields until harvest.

Indirect Method

Also called the transplanting method; seeds are started in seed boxes or pots until seedlings form, then transplanted to the final location.

Seed boxes

Containers used to grow young plants or seedlings before transplanting.

Seed trays

Containers used to grow seedlings in a controlled environment before transplanting.

Knapsack sprayer

A portable sprayer carried on the back to apply pesticides or insecticides.

Viability (seed viability)

The ability of seeds to germinate and develop into healthy plants.

Float test

A viability test where seeds are placed in water; good seeds sink and bad seeds float.

Germination test

A test where a random seed sample is germinated to assess the germination rate and seed viability.

Visual inspection

Checking seeds for impurities, pests, and diseases with the naked eye.

Greenhouse

A climate-controlled structure used to protect tender plants and improve germination and growth.

Germination

The sprouting or start of growth of a seed.

Field topography

The physical features of a site (terrain, slope, elevation) important for site suitability.

Soil type

The physical composition or property of the soil that affects growth, drainage, and aeration.

Water availability

Access to sufficient water for crop growth.

pH level

A measure of soil acidity or alkalinity, affecting nutrient availability.

Land preparation

Activities to ready soil for planting, such as weed removal, tilling, leveling, and adding organic amendments.

Compost

Decomposed organic matter added to soil to improve structure and nutrients.

Aged manure

Mature animal manure used to enrich soil fertility.

Raised beds

Soil-filled beds raised above ground level to improve drainage and root growth.

Planting rows

Guided lines along which crops are planted in larger gardens.

Crates

Containers used for transporting agricultural products, soil, and seeds.

Sprinklers

Equipment that applies water to the soil in a rain-like pattern.

Seed boxes

See Seed boxes (containers for starting seeds indoors or in controlled environments).

Seed trays

See Seed trays (containers used for growing seedlings before transplanting).

Direct/Indirect planting methods (general concept)

Two basic approaches: direct sowing in fields vs. starting in boxes/pots and transplanting.

Crowbar

A long bar used for deep digging and extracting large stones or stumps.

Pick-mattock

A heavy digging tool used to break hard soil, cut through roots, and dig trenches.

Grub-hoe

A hoe-like tool used to break up hard topsoil and pulverize soil.

Shovel

A tool for digging loose soil, removing debris, and moving soil.

Spade

A digging tool used for removing soil, digging canals, and mixing soil media.

Spading fork

A fork used to loosen soil, turn over compost, and cultivate root crops.

Axe

A cutting tool used for trunks or branches of trees.

Bolo

A cutting tool used for weeds, bamboo, and wood.

Knives

Cutting tools used for cutting plant materials.

Hand cultivator

A small plow-like tool used to create planting rows and loosen soil.

Hand fork

A hand tool for cultivating soil and removing weeds.

Hand trowel

A small hand tool for loosening soil and mixing in fertilizer.

Light hoe

A hoe used to remove weeds and loosen soil in vegetable beds.

Pruning shear

A hand tool used for cutting branches or trimming plants.

Harvesting knives or scissors

Tools used to harvest vegetables and crops.

Sickle

A curved blade used to cut grass or crops at harvest.

Four-wheel tractor

A self-propelled vehicle designed to carry, pull, or propel agricultural machinery.

Hand tractor

A small motorized implement used for plowing, harrowing, and leveling fields.

Harrow

A implement used to break up and smooth the soil surface.

Plows

Equipment used for turning over the soil surface and burying stubble and weeds.

Water pump

A device that moves water from its source to the fields.

Wheelbarrow

A two-wheeled cart used to transport dirt, weeds, and other loads.