2.2 programming fundamentals

What is a variable?

A named memory address that stores data which can be changed during program execution.

EX: age = 34

What are the two different types of variable?

• Global

• Local

What is a constant?

A named memory address that stores data which cannot be changed during program execution.

EX: PI = 3.14

What function is used in python to obtain user input?

input()

EX: age = input(“What is your age?”)

What function is used in python to display output?

print()

EX: print(“Hello World!”)

What is an f-string?

A formatted string used to embed variables into text.

EX: print(f"You are {age} years old.”)

What are the three key programming constructs?

• Sequence

• Selection

• Iteration (count- and condition-controlled)

What is sequence?

A programming construct where each line of code is executed one after another.

What is selection?

A programming construct where different paths are chosen based off of whether a condition is true or false.

What is iteration?

A programming construct where a section of code is repeated while a condition is true (condition-controlled) or for a predetermined number of times (count-controlled).

What are some common comparison and arithmetic operators?

What are the main data types?

• Integer

• Real

• Boolean

• Character

• String

What is casting?

The conversion of the value of a variable from one data type to another.

EX: age = int(input(“What is your age?”)