Disorders of Musculoskeletal Function: Trauma, Infection, Neoplasms

A set of practice flashcards covering key concepts regarding musculoskeletal function disorders, including injuries, infections, and neoplasms.

What are the most common sites for athletic injuries?

Knee (Osgood-Schlatter lesion), heel (Sever's lesion), and elbow.

What types of injuries are common in children and adolescents?

Growth plate injury, apophysitis, and specific soft tissue injuries due to growth and limited thermoregulatory capacity.

What is a contusion?

A contusion is an injury to muscle or tissue following direct impact, resulting in pain, swelling, and possibly bruising.

Describe a Grade 3 contusion.

Grade 3 contusion involves severe pain and significant swelling appearing immediately.

What is a hematoma?

A hematoma is a pool of blood trapped outside a blood vessel, causing pain and skin discoloration.

What characterizes a laceration?

A laceration is a deep cut or tearing of the skin, often caused by tools, knives, or machinery, and can lead to rapid bleeding.

What is a strain?

An injury to a muscle or musculotendinous junction that is stretched or torn, commonly caused by twisting or pulling.

What are common symptoms of a sprain?

Pain, swelling, bruising, and inability to move the joint.

What treatment is recommended for dislocations?

Treatment includes manipulation to reposition the bones, medication, splints or slings, and rehabilitation.

What is a subluxation?

A partial dislocation of a joint caused by acute injury or repetitive motion.

What causes rotator cuff tears?

Rotator cuff tears can be caused by acute injury or degeneration over time, often related to repetitive overhead activities.

What are the symptoms of meniscal tears?

Pain, edema, locking, clicking, catching, and intermittent inability to fully extend the knee.

What is chondromalacia of the patella?

A condition resulting in softening and erosion of the cartilage coating the patella, often causing anterior knee pain.

What constitutes an open (compound) fracture?

A fracture that is associated with an open wound or break in the skin near the fractured bone.

What are the signs and symptoms of osteomyelitis?

Pain, edema, erythema, purulent drainage, and possible systemic symptoms like fever.

What are common causes of osteonecrosis?

Trauma, glucocorticoids, and conditions like alcohol and sickle cell anemia that lead to loss of blood supply to bone.

What are the most common benign bone tumors?

Osteochondromas, giant cell tumors, and osteoid osteomas.