Neuroscience Major Landmarks of the Brain, Nerves, Systems

sulci

small divisions in the cortex

gyri

folds of tissue in the cortex

central sulcus

seperates the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe

calcarine sulcus

separates the occipital lobe from the parietal lobe

fissures

large opening sulcus in the middle

What is the first fissure?

medial longitudinal fissue

What is the second fissure?

lateral fissure

What is the first temporal lobe

superior temporal lobe

What is the second temporal lobe?

middle temporal lobe

What is the third temporal lobe?

inferior temporal lobe

tracts

axons that have been myelinated

corpus callosum

central middle tract

ventricles

fluid system of the brain

What is inside of ventricles

cerbrospinal fluid

How many ventrcles are there

4

Where is the coroid plexus

near the 3rd ventricle

Hydrocephalus

the coroid plexus fills with to much cerebrospinal fluid

mengies

covering around the cortex along the spinal cord

What is the first mengi

dura mater

What can the dura mater do?

sense pain on the spinal cord

What is the second mengi

pia mater

What are the first bones of the brain

plates

What is the middle bone plate of the brain

bregma

What is the bone plate in the back of the brain?

lamba

What kind of nerves are spinal nerves?

somatic

If you stimulated along the primary motor cortex what would happen?

you would get movement

How many cranial nerves are there

12

What is significant of the location of cranial nerves

they go straight to the brain

How are cranial nerves ordered?

anterior to posterior

What is the 1st cranial nerve?

Olfactory nerve

What is the 2nd cranial nerve

Optic nerve

What is the 3rd cranial nerve?

Oculomotor nerve

What is the 4th cranial nerve?

Trochlear nerve

What is the 5th cranial nerve?

Abducens

What is the 6th cranial nerve?

Trigeminal nerve

What is the 7th cranial nerve?

Facial nerves

What is the 8th cranial nerve?

Vestibulocochlear nerve

What is the 9th cranial nerve?

Glossopharengeal nerve

What is the 10th cranial nerve?

Vagus nerve

What is the 11th cranial nerve?

Acessory nerve

What is the 12th cranial nerve?

Hypoglossal nerve

Function of the Olfactory nerve?

smell

What is significant about the location of the olfactory nerve?

goes directly into the piriform cortex which is connected to the hippocampus

Function of the Optic nerves?

vision

What is significant about the location of the optic nerves

the two of them cross and connect back to the thalamus

What is the first nerve that functions for vision?

oculomotor nerve

What is the second nerve that functions for vision?

trochlear nerve

What is the third nerve that functions for vision?

abducens

What is the first function of the Trigeminal nerve?

sensory processing

What is an example of an operation that impacts the functions of the trigeminal nerve?

Botox, can’t move face or smell

What is the second function of the trigeminal nerve?

motor function

What are an example of body parts affected by stimulating the motor function of the trigeminal nerve?

movement of the mucles of mastication

What is mastication?

chewing

Function of the Facial nerves?

motor and sensory for facial movement

Function of the Vestibulocholear nerve?

sense of balance

Function of the Glossopharyngeal nerve?

movement of mouth, taste sense

Function of the Vagus nerve?

regulate the autonomic nervous system

What do the function of the vagus nerve impact?

sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system

Function of the Accessory nerve?

motor functions of muscles in neck and throat

Function of the Hypogossal nerve?

motor mucles of the tongue

Broadman areas

cortical labelling system, 52 areas no 51

First part of the circulatory system?

corotid artery

What is the first corotid artery

middle corotid artery

What is the second corotid artery?

internal corotid artery

Second part of the circulatory system?

area going up the spinal cord

What is the first area up of the spinal cord?

circle of Willis

What is the circle of Willis

the arterial system of the brain

What is inside of the arterial system of the brain?

the pituitary gland and blood brain barrier

Venus system

confluence of sinuses

What are locations of matter of the brain?

gray matter outside, white matter inside

What are the locations of matter of the spinal cord?

gray matter inside, white matter outside

Where do the ventricle pump CSF

down to the cerebellum

Where is the Pia mater located?

lays flat on the cortex

What is signifcant about the location of the Pia mater?

do not want CSF above the pia mater

Masa Intermedia

a bond in the middle at the 3 ventricle

Saggital cuts

cuts into the insula

What is the first function of the insula?

normal dicision making

What is the second function of the insula?

bodily discomfort

What is the third function of the insula?

puberty

What are the modalities of the insula?

can be sound or visual

Function of the Dosa Raphe

makes 5-HT (seratonin)

What does the primary peripheral nervous system include?

brainstem, periaqueductal grey

What does the secondary peripheral nervous system include?

hippocampus, amygdala, basal ganglia, cerebral aqueduct

What does the tertiary peripherial nervous system include

neo-cortex, prefrontal cortex

At what level of the peripheral nervous system is a person conscious of

primary

At what level of the peripheral nervous system does a person become unconcious of activity

secondary

What does the cingulate gyrus do?

behavioral activation