APWH U2 Terms

Kashgar

Silk Road trading hub where major routes met, important for exchange of goods and ideas.

Samarkand

Wealthy Silk Road city known for trade and cultural blending.

Caravanserai

Inns along trade routes that gave shelter and supplies to merchants.

Flying cash

Chinese credit system that let merchants deposit and withdraw funds across regions.

Hanseatic League

Northern European merchant alliance that controlled Baltic Sea trade.

Pax Mongolica

Period of peace and safe trade across Eurasia under Mongol rule.

Karakorum

Capital of the early Mongol Empire under Genghis Khan.

Il-Khanate

Mongol-ruled region in Persia after the empire split.

Yuan Dynasty

Mongol dynasty that ruled China, showing Mongol influence on a major empire.

Calicut

Key Indian Ocean port city that connected India to Asian and African trade.

Swahili city-states

East African trade cities that connected Africa to Indian Ocean commerce.

Trans-Saharan trade

Sahara crossing trade network linking West Africa and North Africa.

Mali

West African empire enriched by gold and salt trade.

Timbuktu

Mali trade city that became a center of Islamic scholarship and wealth.

Sundiata

Founder of the Mali Empire whose leadership helped establish strong trade connections.

Mansa Musa

Mali ruler whose pilgrimage displayed Mali’s wealth and spread Islam.

Songhai Kingdom

Powerful West African state that dominated trans-Saharan trade after Mali.

Zen Buddhism

East Asian Buddhist tradition blending meditation and doctrine, spread through cultural exchange.

Neo-Confucianism

Revived Confucian philosophy that shaped East Asian political and social ideas.