[PSM] Brock Chapter 30, 31

C) Q fever

Which rickettsial disease can be transmitted by contaminated milk?

A) ehrlichiosis °

B) typhus

C) Q fever

D) Rocky Mountain spotted fever

B) yellow fever

A student travels to Brazil by boat on the Amazon River, without visiting the doctor prior to traveling for recommended vaccinations for travel to South America. The student becomes ill during the trip and is quarantined. Which of the diseases listed below does the student most likely have?

A) hantavirus

B) yellow fever

C) Ebola

D) Q fever

Coxiella burnetii

Bacterial agent for Q fever

arbovirus transmitted by vectors

What causes yellow fever?

Zoonoses

Animal diseases that are transmissible to humans

Negri bodies

are eosinophilic, sharply outlined, cytoplasmic inclusion bodies found in nerve cells infected with the rabies virus, particularly in the hippocampus and cerebellum

Body louse

Typhus is transmitted by what vector?

B) typhus

Soldiers or refuges in crowded unsanitary conditions are MOST susceptible to which rickettsial disease?

A) Lyme disease

B) typhus

C) Q fever

D) Rocky Mountain spotted fever

Ticks

Both Lyme disease and Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever are transmitted by what insect vector?

ssRNA, negative sense

Hantavirus genome?

ssRNA, negative sense

Ebola genome?

Coxsackievirus A16

Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease is primarily caused by what virus?

ssRNA, positive sense

Coxsackievirus genome?

ssRNA, positive sense

COVID-19 genome

ssRNA, negative sense (8)

Influenza A genome?

B) inhalation / excreta

Hantavirus are most commonly transmitted by [___] of virus-contaminated rodent [___]

A) inhalation / saliva

B) inhalation / excreta

C) ingestion / saliva

D) ingestion / excreta

C) laboratory animals.

The rickettsias can be cultured in

A) pure culture.

B) artificial media.

C) laboratory animals.

D) pure culture, artificial media, and laboratory animals.

C) Rickettsia prowazekii

Which of the following pathogens is spread by infected lice?

A) Borrelia burgdorferi

B) Plasmodium falciparum

C) Rickettsia prowazekii

D) Yersinia pestis

A) Q fever

Which rickettsial disease can lead to endocarditis?

A) Q fever

B) typhus

C) Rocky Mountain spotted fever

D) scrub typhus

Measles or scarlet fever

Rickettsial diseases have been mistakenly diagnosed as what types of diseases due to their similarities in rash appearance?

Capsule

What virulence factor of Y. pestis prevents phagocytosis by cells of the immune system?

Staphylococcus aureus

Leukocidins are toxins produced by bacteria such as [__] that target and damage white blood cells

V antigen

Antigen produced by Y. pestis that play a role in inhibiting neutrophil chemotaxis

Yersinia murine toxin

Protein produced by Y. pestis that play a crucial role in the bacterium’s survival within fleas

B) latent Lyme disease.

The disease whose symptoms are most closely related to the symptoms of chronic syphilis is?

A) Rocky Mountain spotted fever.

B) latent Lyme disease.

C) typhus.

D) HPS.

A) endospores germinate in anoxic conditions.

Tetanus develops from a puncture wound because

A) endospores germinate in anoxic conditions.

B) the organism gains access to the circulatory system and then invades the nervous system.

C) the organism digests deep connective tissues.

D) the organism needs access to the circulatory system and deep connective tissues.

Exotoxin?

Y. pestis murine toxin is what kind of toxin?

Rats

Primary disease reservoir for the plague is?

Inhalation anthrax

Most severe and fatal form of anthrax is?

Borrelia burgdorferi, Ixodes sp. (deer tick)

The causative agent of Lyme disease is ___ which is carried primarily by the ___

Flavivirus

Causative agent of dengue fever is?

ssRNA, positive sense

Flaviviridae genome

Tetracycline, Chloramphenicol

Drugs of choice for the treatment of many of the rickettsial diseases

A) gram-positive

Which of the following microbial groups is MOST resistant to desiccation due to their cell wall?

A) gram-positive

B) gram-negative

C) mycoplasmas

D) viruses

Streptococcus pyogenes

Causative agent of streptococcal pharyngitis

S. aureus or S. pyogenes

Probable causative agents of Impetigo

Hemagglutinin, Neuraminidase

Surface glycoproteins in Influenza A virus

C) are potentially very invasive.

Encapsulated strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae are particularly pathogenic, because they

A) produce exotoxin A.

B) produce exotoxin B.

C) are potentially very invasive.

D) produce M protein surface antigens.

C) H1N1

The Spanish flu of 1918 was caused by an influenza virus.
A) H2N1

B) H5N1

C) H1N1

D) H2N2

B) a cell-surface protein receptor for HIV.

The CD4 molecule is

A) an HIV surface glycoprotein.

B) a cell-surface protein receptor for HIV.

C) found only on T-helper cells.

D) an HIV surface glycoprotein that is found only on T-helper cells.

Azidothymidine

Chemotherapeutic drug against HIV that inhibits reverse transcriptase?

Helicobacter pylori

Causative agent of gastric ulcers

Escherichia coli O157:H7

E. coli strain that causes hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS)?

B) toxoid.

The diphtheria component of the DTaP vaccine is a(n)

A) toxin.

B) toxoid.

C) antitoxin.

D) antitoxoid.

Toxoid

A toxin that has been chemically altered to lose its toxicity but retain its ability to stimulate an immune response

Antitoxin

An antibody produced by the body that specifically binds to and neutralizes a toxin

A) mycolic acid.

Isonicotinic acid hydrazide (INH) is an antibiotic used in the treatment of tuberculosis. It affects the synthesis of

A) mycolic acid.

B) linoleic acid.

C) globular proteins of the cell membrane.

D) DNA transcription.

D) through tiny breaks in the skin epithelial layer

How is the syphilis spirochete initially transmitted?

A) penetration of unbroken skin

B) through the eyes

C) from mother to child

D) through tiny breaks in the skin epithelial layer

A) the chancre.

The single most important physical sign of primary syphilis is

A) the chancre.

B) a skin rash,

C) paralysis.

D) an acute eye infection.

Mycobacterium leprae

Causative agent for tuberculoid hansen’s disease or tuberculoid leprosy

A) Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia

Of the following, which is the MOST common AIDS-associated opportunistic disease?

A) Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia

B) cryptosporidiosis

C) histoplasmosis

D) cryptococcosis

T-helper cells

In HIV infections, the number of these immune cells are greatly reduced

Diphtheria antitoxin

Severe acute cases of diphtheria are treated with antibiotics and ?

Capsular polysaccharides

The unique antigenic determinants of the 90 serotypes of S. pneumoniae are found where?

C) Streptococcus pyogenes

Which of the following are group A Streptococcus (GAS)?

A) Streptococcus aureus

B) Streptococcus pneumonia

C) Streptococcus pyogenes

D) Streptococcus viridans

Gonorrhea

What disease is prevented by the administration of Erythromycin in the eyes of newborns?

Streptococcus pneumoniae

The presence of gram positive diplococci in a sputum sample most likely indicates an infection of?

A) tuberculosis

Which disease test will show a false positive when immunized with the BCG attenuated virus?

A) tuberculosis

B) whooping cough

C) diphtheria

D) pneumococcal pneumonia

B) viruses.

The most prevalent human infectious diseases are caused by

A) bacteria.

B) viruses.

C) fungi.

D) protozoans.

C) leukocidin.

Pus formation in skin lesions caused by Staphylococcus aureus infections is in part due to

production of

A) coagulase.

B) hemolysins.

C) leukocidin.

D) catalase.

A) A

Infectious hepatitis is caused by infection with hepatitis

A) A

B) B

C) C

D) E

C) Chlamydia trachomatis

Which organism causes the highest number of sexually transmitted diseases each year?

A) Neisseria gonorrhoeae

B) Treponema pallidum

C) Chlamydia trachomatis

D) Trichomonas vaginalis

Parenteral Route

Hepatitis B and C are transmitted via what route?

Pseudomembrane

The inflammatory response to Corynebacterium diphtheriae infection results in the production of a lesion called a(n)

Chancre

a painless sore or ulcer that typically appears during the primary stage of syphilis

Coagulase

Staphylococcus aureus produces ____, an enzyme that results in the accumulation of fibrin around the bacterial cells.

A) Chlamydia trachomatis

Lymphogranuloma venereum is a sexually transmitted disease caused by distinct strains of

A) Chlamydia trachomatis

B) herpes simplex 2 virus (HSV -2)

C) Neisseria gonorrhoeae

D) Haemophilus ducreyi

D) Trichomonas vaginalis

Nongonococcal urethritis may be caused by the protozoan

A) Chlamydia trachomatis

B) Neisseria gonorrhoaea

C) Haemophilus ducreyi

D) Trichomonas vaginalis

Human papillomavirus

Several strains of this disease can cause genital warts and cervical cancer

Males and females 11-26

The HPV vaccine has been recommended for what sex and ages?

B) upper respiratory tract

Resident staphylococci in the seldom cause disease.

A) eyes

B) upper respiratory tract

C) lungs

D) kidneys

Loeffler’s Medium

Medium used to cultivate the growth of Corynebacterium diphtheriae