Unit 7 epithelial tissue

Simple squamous

diffusion and filtration, lines heart, blood vessels, air sacs of lungs and kidney filtration

Simple Cuboidal

Secretion and absorption, kidney tubules, exocrine glands

Simple Columnar

Secretion and absorption, intestines, respiratory tract, uterine tubes(egg)

Stratified Squamous

Protection, skin and mucous membranes

Stratified Cuboidal

Secretion, sweat gland ducts, pancreatic ducts, salivary glands, ovaries

Stratified Columnar

Secretion and protection, excretory glands of esophagus, Conjunctiva(membrane lining of eye), urethra

Pseudostratified Columnar

Upper respiratory airways, glands, epididymis and male urethra

Transitional

Stretch, bladder and nearby urethra and ureters, kidneys.

Exocrine glands

release their product into ducts which open onto surface of epithelium

Endocrine glands

Release their products into extracellular fluid, then into the blood

Merocrine Exocrine Secretion

Little bladder

Apocrine Endocrine Secretion

Lose the head of the cell

Holocrine Exocrine Secretion

Lose the whole cell

Connective Tissue

most abundant, connects tissues and organs, protects and supports, binds organs, stores energy as fat, immunity

Areolar Loose Connective Tissue

open spaces, packing material between organs, attaches epithelial tissue to muscle, collagen elastin and reticular, all connective tissue cell types

Adipose Loose Connective Tissue

adipocytes which store fat for insulation and cushioning, under skin, around heart and kidneys in yellow bone marrow, adipose tissue broken down for energy

Reticular Loose Connective Tissue

meshwork of reticular fibers and cells, little net, stroma for liver, spleen, lymph nodes, and Red bone marrow, forms one layer of basement membrane(reticular lamina)

Dense Regular Connective Tissue

fibroblasts and collagen fibers run parallel to each other, strength but resistant to stretching, in tendons and ligaments, lacks blood supply

Dense Irregular Connective Tissue

collagen fibers and fibroblast, run in many directions, strength all around

Dense Elastic Connective Tissue

elastic fibers and scattered fibroblasts, in tissues that need to stretch

Hyaline Cartilage

Most abundant type, Collagen fibers and chondrocytes, appears bluish-white, ends of bones, ends of ribs, cartilage rings in trachea, bronchi

Fibrocartilage

fibrous appearance, coarse collagen fibers in bundles, public synthesis, vertebral discs, menisci, insertion point of tendons into cartilage

Elastic Cartilage

elastic fibers surrounded by chondrocytes, epiglottis, external ear, auditory tubes

Bone

compact and spongy, osteocytes are cells, extracellular matrix is calcified inorganic material

Blood Liquid Connective Tissue

Red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, extracellular matrix is plasma (liquid portion of blood)

Lymph Liquid Connective Tissue

filtrate of blood, white blood cells guardd against invaders

Tight Junctions

found where a tight leakproof seal is needed, stomach, intestines, urinary bladder

Adherens Junctions

cadherin is glycoprotein that hold these together, adhesion belt, keeps tissues from separating as they stretch and contract

Desmosomes

spot welds hold tissue together, use cadherin and intermediate filaments to hook into cytoskeleton

Hemidesmosomes

half a desmosome, spot welds a cell to basement membrane

Gap Junctions

electrical and biochemical link between two cells, connexions form pore-like structures that allow small ions to pass, synchronous contraction of heart muscle

Epithelial Membranes

Lines membranes or outside of body-cutaneous (skin), Mucous (line internal passes that meet outside world)

Connective Membranes

Encapsulate an organ or line freely movable joints, synovial

Synovial Membranes

Line space between two bones forming a joint, connective tissue, synoviocytes(produce synovial fluid and lubricates joint)

Nervous Tissue

manipulate electrical charges to receive, process and transmit information, neurons and glial cells

Glial Cells: CNS

central nervous tissue of the brain and spinal cord

Astrocytes

regulate ion concentration and help from blood brain barrier borders

Oligodendrocytes

In CNS produce myelin, waxy substance that speeds up nerve conduction

Ependymal cells

Produce cerebrospinal fluid (soup of brain and spine)

Microglial Cells

defense cells of CNS

Glial Cells: PNS

peripheral nervous system is all of the nervous tissue outside of the brain and spinal cord

Satellite cells

equivalent to astrocytes in CNS regulate ion concentration and supply nutrients to neurons

Schwann cells

Myelinate nerve axons in PNS