Chapter 4: Therapeutic Heat and Cold- Thermo and Cyrotherapy

Module 1

What are the principles of modes of heat transfer?

Convection, conduction, conversion, radiation, and evaporation.

What therapeutic modality utilizes convection?

Fluidotherapy.

True or false, the gain or loss of heat resulting from direct contact between two different materials at different temperature is conduction

True

How does ultrasound utilizes conversion as a mode of heat trasnfer?

Transforms sound energy into thermal energy through mechanical vibration of molecules.

True or False, radiation is the direct transfer of energy that requires an intervening medium or contact

False

At what dept does deep agents increase tissue temperatures?

3-5 centimeters

What are some indications for thermotherapy?

Abnormal tone, decreased ROM, muscle guarding, muscle spasm, myofascial trigger points, and subacute/chronic conditions.

What are some indications for cryotherapy?

Abnormal tone, muscle spasm, myofascial trigger points, acute/subacute conditions, musculoskeletal trauma, bursitis, tendonitis, and tenosynitis.

What temperature does tissue death or damage occur at?

<15 degrees celcius, freezing/frosbite occurs -4 to -15 degrees celcius

What sensations should be felt during an ice massage?

intense cold, burning, aching, and analgesia.