Cardiovascular

intercostal space

Space between the ribs.

point of maximum impulse (PMI)

Point on the chest where the cardiac impulse may be palpated or visualized during ventricular contraction.

heaves

Vigorous, sustained thrust of the ventricle against the chest wall during contraction caused by an increased workload on the heart.

thrills

​​​​​​​Palpable vibration caused by turbulent blood flow.

Heart Base Sounds

Holosystolic Murmur

Midsystolic Click

Pericardial Friction Rub

Ventricular Gallop

Atrial Gallop

strengths of the pulse

0 = Absent, impalpable pulse
1+ = Weak, thready, diminished pulse
2+ = Normal, brisk pulse (expected finding)
3+ = Increased, strong pulse
4+ = Bounding, full volume pulse