MOD 5: RIZAL'S CONCEPT OF NATIONALISM AND THE EL FILI

feb 3, 1888

jose rizal left the philippines

hong kong

he departed from manila and traveled to ___ (start of his extended period abroad and second departure from the ph)

1888 to 1892

jose rizal travelled in various countries

hong kong, japan, america, england, france, brussels, etc

countries rizal travelled

philippine history

while in england, he was able to research on ___

antonio de morga

he was able to research by using ___ narrative of the spanish conquest of the ph

sucesos de las islas filipinas

the spanish conquest of the philippines by magellan and miguel lopez de legazpi. rizal wrote historical annotations on said primary source

la solidaridad

in 1889, rizal started contributing articles to the newspaper ___

feb 15, 1889

solidarity - first publised in ___

“the philippines a century hence”

he published articles advocating for reforms in the philippines such as ___

laong laan or dimasalang

he used the pseudonym whenever he was writing his articles

laong laan

old tagalog: laging handa

dimasalang

“hindi masalang” - “hindi mahawalang” - untouchable

propaganda movement

he was a prominent contributor to the ___ or initiative to advocate for reforms in the philippines through publications

1891

el filibusterismo was published in ___ as a follow up to noli me tangere

expose the abuses and injustices under spanish colonial rule. this novel had a darker, more urgent tone

written during his journey in europe, rizal aimed to ___

ghent, belgium

jose rizal was living in europe, primarily in ___, where he was focused on completing and publishing el fili

growing disillusionment

his decision to publish el fili reflected his ___ with the spanish colonial government

valentin ventura

financial help from a friend

september 1891

he managed to publish el fili in ___

filibustero

• very little known in the ph

• rizal heard it first time in 1872

• they apply this word to one whom they want to render suspect of revolutionary activities 

• dangerous patriot who will soon be hanged or a presumptuous fellow

etymology of filibustero

used in noli me tangere as the title of chapter 4 ‘hereje y filibustero’ which describes the injustices suffered by don rafael (ibarra’s father), a just man who was accused of being a filibustero

three martyred priests — fathers mariano gomez, jose burgos, and jacinto zamora (GOMBURZA)

rizal dedicated el filibusterismo to ___

brief summary of el fili

• ibarra returns as ‘simoun,’ a wealthy jeweler

• he seeks revenge and plotting a revolution

• rizal explored themes of vengeance, corruption, and social reform

main themes of el fili

• include oppression and injustice, corruption within the government and church, education as a tool for reform, and the moral dilemmas

• these are used to critique the colonial government and church

“bitter side” of revolutionary change

• simoun represents ___. he reforms into a man who bent on revenge

• rizal explores how personal and societal injustices can turn a person from reform to revolution

educated youth

• basilio symbolizes the ___

• to show the potential of education to elevate society

moral conscience

• padre florentino symbolizes ___

• he represents a call for peaceful, ethical reform

filipino (farmer)

• kabesang tales represents the ordinary ___

• highlights the plight of the poor, exploited under colonial rule, and the loss of dignity that many Filipinos faced

idealistic sutdent symbolizing hope for reform. his idealism is challed by personal struggle

isagani’s symbolism

a social climber, representing filipinos who conform for comfort

paulita gomez’s symbolism

kabesang tales’ daughter, embodying innocence and the suffering of women in colonial society. also basilio’s love interest

juli’s symbolism

revolution and the destructive consequences of seeking justice through violence

the lamp represents ___

to incite rebellion and avenge the injustices

simoun uses the lamp as part of his ultimate plan to ___

explode in the middle of the celebration

simoun gives a gift to paulita gomez and juanito pelaez at their wedding, intending it to ___

retribution rather than reform

the lamp is symbolic for simoun’s radical transformation and his desire for ___; in the end, simoun’s plans fail

rejection of corruption and revenge

padre florentino throws simoun’s treasure into the sea, symbolizing the ___

moral courage

an interpretation of rizal’s message is that true change requires ___, not violence

expose specific social issues (abuse of power by friars, discrimination against Filipinos, land grabbing, and unjust taxation)

rizal uses el fili to ___

to question and resist oppressive practices

by portraying the injustices, rizal inspired filipinos to ____

wake up and resist oppresion

el fili is not just a novel; it is rizal’s call to ___

freedom and integrity

rizal shares a vision of a just, educated, and united philippines. his nationalism encourages us to value ____