PSYCH 105: Week 10 Flashcards

Video 1 & 2 notes

What was the early belief about the cause of mental disorders?

Mental disorders were believed to be caused by evil spirits.

What treatment method was historically used for mental disorders involving the skull?

Trepanation, where holes were cut in the skull to drive out demons.

What was the role of asylums established in the 16th century?

Asylums aimed to remove individuals with mental disorders from society.

Who was Philippe Pinel and what was his contribution to mental health treatment?

Philippe Pinel was a French physician who advocated for humane treatment of the mentally ill, removing shackles and allowing for exercise and fresh air.

What was the moral treatment approach in mental health?

A focus on providing compassionate care and creating a supportive environment for individuals with mental illness.

What legislation signed by John F. Kennedy in 1963 changed mental health services in the U.S.?

The Mental Retardation Facilities and Community Mental Health Centers Construction Act.

What was the outcome of antipsychotic medications introduced in the 1950s?

These medications effectively reduced symptoms of schizophrenia such as thought disorder and hallucinations.

What is the main focus of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)?

CBT focuses on changing self-defeating thoughts to influence behavior.

What differentiates psychoanalysis from psychodynamic therapy?

Psychoanalysis is Freud's specific approach, while psychodynamic therapy is a broader family of approaches derived from it.

What is mindfulness therapy focused on?

Mindfulness therapy focuses on cultivating a non-judgmental awareness of bodily sensations, thoughts, and the environment.

What are the common symptoms of panic disorder?

Unexpected panic attacks that can include physical symptoms like rapid heartbeat and feelings of impending doom.

How do exposure therapies work in treating anxiety?

Exposure therapies gradually expose individuals to feared situations to reduce anxiety over time.

What does the DSM-5 stand for?

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition.

What major change occurred in the criteria of major depressive disorder in the DSM-5?

The removal of the bereavement exclusion allowed grief and sadness to be classified as major depressive disorder.

What is the biological basis of schizophrenia spectrum disorders?

Schizophrenia involves disorganized thinking and perceptions, including hallucinations and delusions.

What distinguishes anorexia nervosa from bulimia nervosa?

Anorexia nervosa involves maintaining an unnaturally low body weight, while bulimia involves binge eating followed by purging.

What are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)?

A class of antidepressants that primarily act on serotonin and are used to treat depression.

What is the main purpose of manualized therapy in research settings?

To ensure a consistent treatment approach across participants in therapy studies.

What is the diathesis-stress model of mental disorders?

This model states that a combination of biological predisposition (diathesis) and environmental stressors triggers the onset of mental disorders.

Why do many individuals with mental disorders not seek treatment?

Barriers such as stigma, fear of medication, and lack of understanding of mental health can prevent individuals from seeking help.

What is the first-line treatment for bipolar disorder?

Mood stabilizers such as lithium.

What common mental health issue affects a significant portion of the U.S. population?

Anxiety disorders, affecting about 15-20% of the population.

What are two major types of depression mentioned in the lecture?

Major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder.

How does stigma affect those seeking treatment for mental disorders?

Stigma can deter individuals from seeking necessary help due to fear of judgment or misunderstanding.

What role do psychotropic medications play in treating mental illnesses?

They help alleviate symptoms and can be used alongside psychotherapy for comprehensive treatment.

What should treatment approaches in mental health focus on according to contemporary views?

Tailoring treatment to the individual's specific needs and utilizing multiple therapeutic perspectives.