Introduction to Development

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15 Terms

1

Zygote

The newly fertilized egg that enters a period of rapid cell division.

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2

Embryo

The developing human organism from about 2 weeks after fertilization through the end of the eighth week.

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3

Fetus

The developing human organism from nine weeks after conception until birth.

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4

Teratogens

Harmful agents, such as chemicals and viruses, that can reach the embryo or fetus during prenatal development and cause harm.

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5

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

A series of physical and cognitive abnormalities that appear in children whose mothers consumed large amounts of alcohol while pregnant.

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6

Rooting reflex

When touched on the cheek, the infant opens its mouth and searches for the nipple.

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7

Sucking reflex

When an object is placed in a baby’s mouth, he will suck on it.

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8

Grasping reflex

If an object is placed into a baby’s palm, the baby will grasp the object.

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9

Moro reflex

When startled, a baby will fling its arms out quickly and retract them, making themselves as small as possible.

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10

Babinski reflex

When a baby’s foot is stroked, he will spread his toes.

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11

Infancy

The first year of a child’s life.

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12

Toddler

A child between the ages of one to three.

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13

Childhood

The ages from 3 until 13 or puberty, whichever comes first.

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14

Adolescence

The developmental stage from puberty until adulthood.

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15
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