jcl certamen roman history early republic

What Roman hero single-handedly…

Horatius Cocles

… held back the Etruscan forces while the Romans destroyed the Pons Sublicius

Horatius Cocles

What courageous Roman youth…

Mucius Scaevola

…stuck his right hand into the fire?

Mucius Scaevola

What courageous Roman maiden…

Cloelia

What treacherous—

Tarpeia

—Roman maiden—

Tarpeia

At what battle of 496…

Lake Regillus

…did the Dioscuri supposedly help the Romans defeat the Latin League?

Lake Regillus

What dictator saved a Roman army trapped at Mt. Algidus?

Cincinnatus

Who commanded the trapped army at Mt. Algidus?

Minucius

What tribe had trapped the Romans at Mt. Algidus?

Aequi

What anti-plebeian nobleman allied with the Volsci whom he previously fought against and was only dissuaded from taking Rome itself by his mother and his wife?

Coriolanus

What law allowed intermarriage between plebs and patricians?

Lex Canuleia

What Senonian chieftain…

Brennus

led the Gauls to defeat the Romans at Allia River before sacking the city and saying “Vae Victis?”

Brennus

How did Marcus Manlius fight off the Gallic forces from the Capitoline Hill? (comprehension question)

The honking of the sacred geese of Juno woke him up, and he fought them as they climbed up the cliff

At what battle did Publius Decius Mus and Manlius Torquatus defeat the Latins? This was the first time a Decius Mus committed devotion.

Battle of Mt. Vesuvius

The rostrum—

Antium

—was named after the rostra that were captured at what battle?

Antium

At what battle of 321 B.C.—

Caudine Forks

—did Samnites under Gavius Pontius trap a Roman army under a low mountain pass?

Caudine Forks

At what battle did a second Decius Mus commit devotio?

Sentinum

What city was Rome fighting in the Pyrrhic Wars? (comprehension question)

Tarentum. Tarentum was part of Magna Graecia and hired Pyrrhus to fight for them

Which of the battles of the Pyrrhic Wars was NOT a Pyrrhic victory?

Heraclea

Which one of the Pyrrhic Wars was a Pyrrhic victory? (this was also the third time that a Decius Mus committed devotio)

Asculum

Where did Curius Dentatus decisively defeat Pyrrhus? (most important battle of the Pyrrhic War)

Beneventum

Where did Curius Dentatus decisively defeat Pyrrhus? (most important battle of the Pyrrhic War) old name

Maleventum

At what battle of 260 B.C. did Gaius Dullius use Rome’s new fleet, equipped with the corvi, to defeat Carthage and win Rome’s first naval victory?

Mylae

At what battle did Regulus get captured?

Bagradas Valley

After throwing the sacred chickens—

Derpana

—into the sea, Claudius Pulcher was defeated at what battle of 249?

Derpana

At what battle of 217 B.C.—

Trasimene

—did Hannibal ambush Gaius Flaminius and kill or capture every single Roman?

Trasimene

What was the worst defeat in Roman history?

Cannae

During the siege of what city was Archimedes accidentally killed?

Syracuse

At what battle did Scipio and Masinissa defeat Hasdrubal and Syphax by burning their huts in the middle of the night?

Great Plains

Who was famous for ending every—

Cato the Elder

-speech with “carthago delenda est?”

Cato the Elder

What other city was destroyed in the same year as Carthage?

Corinth

What plebeian tribune—

Tiberius Gracchus

What Cornelia call her sons, the Gracchi, when her friend asked her?

Jewels