Chemical Context of Life

Elements cannot be broken down into __________.

Compounds or simpler substances.

A compound is formed by the combination of __________ atoms.

Two or more different.

Ionic compounds consist of one __________ and one __________.

Metal; non-metal.

The naming convention for an ionic compound involves the metal name plus the non-metal with the suffix __________.

-ide.

Covalent compounds are formed between __________.

Two non-metals.

The prefixes used for naming covalent compounds include mono, di, tri, tetra, penta, hexa, hepta, octa, nona, and __________.

Deca.

Polyatomic compounds contain __________.

A charged group of atoms.

Multivalent elements use __________ to indicate their charge.

Roman numerals.

Essential elements are those needed for an organism to live a healthy life and __________.

Reproduce.

Humans need __________ elements to survive.

Twenty-five

The four elements that make up 96% of living matter are oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and __________.

Nitrogen.

Potassium is important because it allows nerves to respond to stimulation and helps muscles to __________.

Contract.

Trace elements are necessary in __________ quantities by certain species.

Small.

Water is described as __________ because it has polar covalent bonds.

Polar.

Hydrogen bonds can help water molecules to __________ together.

Stick.

Cohesion refers to molecules of pure substances being attracted to __________.

Themselves.

Adhesion is when molecules of two __________ substances are attracted to each other.

Different.

Electronegativity is a measure of an element's ability to __________ shared electrons.

Attract.

A dipole moment is caused by __________ of electrons due to an imbalance in electronegativity.

Unequal sharing.

Capillary action occurs when adhesion is __________ than cohesion.

Greater.

In the reaction for dehydration synthesis, glucose and galactose combine to form __________.

Lactose.