Anatomy of the Skeletal System and Effects of Microgravity

These flashcards cover key vocabulary terms related to the anatomy of the skeletal system and the effects of microgravity on bone health.

Microgravity

A condition in which objects appear to be weightless, often experienced in space.

Hematopoiesis

The process of blood cell production that occurs in the bone marrow.

Osteoclasts

Bone-breaker cells that resorb bone tissue to allow for remodeling.

Osteoblasts

Bone-building cells responsible for creating new bone matrix.

Osteocytes

Mature bone cells that monitor and maintain bone matrix.

Trabeculae

Tiny, cross-hatching supports found in spongy bone that help resist stress.

Axial skeleton

The part of the skeleton that includes the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage.

Appendicular skeleton

The part of the skeleton that includes the limbs and the pelvic and shoulder girdles.

Diaphysis

The shaft of a long bone, which surrounds the medullary cavity.

Epiphyses

The flared ends of long bones that are often spongy and contain red marrow.

Bone remodeling

The process by which bone is continuously renewed through the action of osteoblasts and osteoclasts.

Bone marrow

The soft tissue inside of bones, responsible for producing blood cells.

Calcium phosphate

A mineral that is deposited in bone tissue and helps give bones their strength.

Bone density

The amount of bone mineral in bone tissue, crucial for bone strength.

Homeostasis

The maintenance of stable internal conditions, including regulation of blood calcium levels.

Resorption

The process through which osteoclasts break down bone tissue and release its minerals back into the bloodstream.