Chapter Thirteen: Sexual Disorders and Gender Variations

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91 Terms

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Sexual Dysfunctions

a disorder marked by a persistent inability to function normally in some area of the sexual response cycle

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lifelong type sexual dysfunction

people struggle with a sexual dysfunction their whole lives

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acquired type sexual dysfunction

normal sexual functioning preceded the dysfunction

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generalized type sexual dysfunction

the dysfunction is present during all sexual situations

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situational type sexual dysfunction

the dysfunction is tied to particular situations

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desire phase

the phase of the sexual response cycle consisting of an urge to have sex, sexual fantasies, and sexual attraction to others

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can also be separate dysfunctions

female hypoactive sexual desire disorder and female sexual arousal disorder

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excitement phase

the phase of the sexual response cycle marked by changes in the pelvic region, general physical arousal, and increases in heart rate, muscle tension, blood pressure, and rate of breathing

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vascular problems

problems with the bodys blood vessels

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nocturnal penile tumescence

measure of erections during sleep

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rough screening device

a patient fastens a snap gauge band around his penis before going to sleep

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cognitive-behavioral theory

once a man begins to have erectile problems, he becomes fearful about failing to have an erection and worries during each sexual encounter, taking on a spectator role that becomes the reason for the ongoing problem

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spectator role

a state of mind that some people experience during sex, focusing on their sexual performance to such an extent that their performance and their enjoyment are reduced

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orgasm phase

the phase of the sexual response cycle during which a persons sexual pleasure peaks and sexual tension is released as muscles in the pelvic region contract rhythmically

15
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early ejaculation

a dysfunction in which a man persistently reaches orgasm and ejaculates within 1 minute of beginning sexual activity with a partner and before he wishes to

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past masturbation habits

may have difficulty reaching orgasm in the absence of the sensations tied to objects used in masturbation

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genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder

a sexual dysfunction characterized by significant physical discomfort during intercourse

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vaginismus / pelvic floor hypertonus

the muscles around the outer third of the vagina involuntarily contract, preventing entry of the penis

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dyspareunia

severe vaginal or pelvic pain during sexual intercourse

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affectual awareness

patients visualize sexual scenes in order to discover any feelings of anxiety, vulnerability, and other negative emotions they may ave concerning sex

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self-instruction training

help patients change their negative reactions to sex

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tease technique

partner keeps caressing the man, but if the man gets an erection, the partner stops caressing him until he loses it

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directed masturbation training

a woman is taught step by step how to masturbate effectively and eventually to reach orgasm during sexual interactions

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paraphilias

patterns in which people repeatedly have intense sexual urges or fantasies or display sexual behaviors that involve objects or situations outside the usual sexual norms

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paraphilic disorder

a disorder in which a person's paraphilia causes a person significant distress or impairment or when the satisfaction of the paraphilias places the person or other people at risk of harm

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antiandrogens

drugs that lower the production of testosterone and reduce the sex drive

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psychodynamic view of fetishistic disorder

fetishes are defense mechanisms that help people avoid the anxiety produced by normal sexual contact

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cognitive-behavioral theory of fetishistic disorder

fetishes are acquired through classical conditioning

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aversion therapy

electric shock was administered to the arms or legs of participants with this disorder while they imagined their objects of desire

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covert sensitization

people with fetishistic disorder are guided to imagine the pleasurable object and repeatedly to pair this image with an imagined aversive stimulus until the object of sexual pleasure is no longer desired

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masturbatory satiation

the client masturbates to orgasm while fantasizing in detail about fetishistic objects while masturbating again and continues the fetishistic fantasy for an hour

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cognitive-behavioral theory

transvestic arousal and behavior are learned responses, acquired most often through classical conditioning

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voyeuristic disorder

a paraphilic disorder in which a person experiences recurrent and intense sexual arousal from observing an unsuspecting individual who is naked, disrobing, or engaging in sexual activity

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psychodynamic theory

people with voyeuristic disorder are seeking by their actions to gain power over others, possibly because they feel inadequate or are sexually or socially shy

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cognitive-behavioral theory

the disorder is a learned behavior that can be traced to a chance and secret observation of a sexually arousing scene

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classic type

attracted to prepubescent children

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hebephilic type

attracted to early pubescent children

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pedohebephilic type

attracted to prepubescent and early pubescent children

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hypoxyphilia

people strangle or smother themselves in order to enhance their sexual pleasure

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autoerotic asphyxia

people may accidentally induce a fatal lack of oxygen by hanging, suffocating, or strangling themselves while masturbating

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modeling

adolescents observe others achieving sexual satisfaction by inflicting pain

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assigned gender

the gender a person is born as

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gender identity

ones personal experience of their gender

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transgender

individuals who have a sense that their gender identity is different from their assigned gender

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transgender women

people who identify as female but were assigned male at birth

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transgender men

people who identify as male but were assigned female at birth

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Gender Dysphoria

a pattern in which individuals experience significant distress or impairment as a consequence of their transgender feelings

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Sexual Dysfunction

A disorder marked by a persistent inability to function normally in some area of the sexual response cycle

49
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Lifelong Type Sexual Dysfunction

People struggle with a sexual dysfunction their whole lives

50
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Acquired Type Sexual Dysfunction

Normal sexual functioning preceded the dysfunction

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Generalized Type Sexual Dysfunction

The dysfunction is present during all sexual situations

52
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Situational Type Sexual Dysfunction

The dysfunction is tied to particular situations

53
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Desire Phase

The phase of the sexual response cycle consisting of an urge to have sex, sexual fantasies, and sexual attraction to others

54
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Excitement Phase

The phase of the sexual response cycle marked by changes in the pelvic region, general physical arousal, and increases in heart rate, muscle tension, blood pressure, and rate of breathing

55
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Nocturnal Penile Tumescence

Measure of erections during sleep

56
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Spectator Role

A state of mind that some people experience during sex, focusing on their sexual performance to such an extent that their performance and their enjoyment are reduced

57
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Orgasm Phase

The phase of the sexual response cycle during which a person’s sexual pleasure peaks and sexual tension is released as muscles in the pelvic region contract rhythmically

58
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Early Ejaculation

A dysfunction in which a man persistently reaches orgasm and ejaculates within 1 minute of beginning sexual activity with a partner and before he wishes to

59
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Genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder

A sexual dysfunction characterized by significant physical discomfort during intercourse

60
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Vaginismus / Pelvic floor hypertonus

The muscles around the outer third of the vagina involuntarily contract, preventing entry of the penis

61
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Dyspareunia

Severe vaginal or pelvic pain during sexual intercourse

62
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Affectual Awareness

Patients visualize sexual scenes in order to discover any feelings of anxiety, vulnerability, and other negative emotions they may ave concerning sex

63
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Self-instruction Training

Help patients change their negative reactions to sex

64
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Desire Diary

Patients record sexual thoughts and feelings

65
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Tease Technique

Partner keeps caressing the man, but if the man gets an erection, the partner stops caressing him until he loses it

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Viagra

Drug that increases blood flow to the penis

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Pause Procedure

Edging

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Directed Masturbation Training

A woman is taught step by step how to masturbate effectively and eventually to reach orgasm during sexual interactions

69
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Paraphilias

Patterns in which people repeatedly have intense sexual urges or fantasies or display sexual behaviors that involve objects or situations outside the usual sexual norms

70
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Paraphilic Disorder

A disorder in which a person's paraphilia causes a person significant distress or impairment or when the satisfaction of the paraphilias places the person or other people at risk of harm

71
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Antiandrogens

Drugs that lower the production of testosterone and reduce the sex drive

72
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Psychodynamic View of Fetishistic Disorder

Fetishes are defense mechanisms that help people avoid the anxiety produced by normal sexual contact

73
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Cognitive-Behavioral Theory of Fetishistic Disorder

Fetishes are acquired through classical conditioning

74
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Aversion Therapy

Electric shock was administered to the arms or legs of participants with this disorder while they imagined their objects of desire

75
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Covert Sensitization

People with fetishistic disorder are guided to imagine the pleasurable object and repeatedly to pair this image with an imagined aversive stimulus until the object of sexual pleasure is no longer desired

76
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Masturbatory Satiation

The client masturbates to orgasm while fantasizing in detail about fetishistic objects while masturbating again and continues the fetishistic fantasy for an hour

77
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Cognitive-Behavioral Theory of Transvestic Disorder

Transvestic arousal and behavior are learned responses, acquired most often through classical conditioning

78
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Voyeuristic Disorder

A paraphilic disorder in which a person experiences recurrent and intense sexual arousal from observing an unsuspecting individual who is naked, disrobing, or engaging in sexual activity

79
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Psychodynamic Theory of Voyeuristic Disorder

People with voyeuristic disorder are seeking by their actions to gain power over others, possibly because they feel inadequate or are sexually or socially shy

80
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Cognitive-Behavioral Theory of Voyeuristic Disorder

The disorder is a learned behavior that can be traced to a chance and secret observation of a sexually arousing scene

81
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Classic Type Pedophile

Attracted to prepubescent children

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Hebephilic Type Pedophile

Attracted to early pubescent children

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Pedohebephilic Type Pedophile

Attracted to prepubescent and early pubescent children

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Hypoxyphilia

People strangle or smother themselves in order to enhance their sexual pleasure

85
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Autoerotic Asphyxia

People may accidentally induce a fatal lack of oxygen by hanging, suffocating, or strangling themselves while masturbating

86
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Assigned Gender

The gender a person is born as

87
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Gender Identity

One’s personal experience of their gender

88
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Transgender

Individuals who have a sense that their gender identity is different from their assigned gender

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Transgender women

People who identify as female but were assigned male at birth

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Transgender men

People who identify as male but were assigned female at birth

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Gender Dysphoria

A pattern in which individuals experience significant distress or impairment as a consequence of their transgender feelings