Terroism

What is bioterrorism?

Use or threatened use of biological agents to spread fear for various purposes.

What is agroterrorism?

Deliberate introduction of disease to cause fear and economic losses in agriculture.

What is the goal of agroterrorism?

Cause economic crises, social unrest, and loss of confidence in government

What is the three outcomes of agroterrorism?

Disrupts domestic and international trade, Damages domestic food supplies and Causes fear

What are indicators of agroterrorism?

- History of animals yields unrewarding - Traceback shows no commonality - Suspicious incident history - Similar outbreaks in different areas - Odd disease presentations - Common disease with high morbidity - Wrong time of year for disease

What organism is associated with Glanders?

Burkholderia mallei

How was Glanders used in WWI?

Infected Russian horses and mules as a biological weapon.

How was Glanders used in WW II?

The Japanese tested it on prisoners

Why were bioweapons eventually stopped?

Military reasons: success and control could not be a guaranteed and there are more effective weapons

What makes livestock vulnerable to agroterrorism (4)?

Density of animals, Mixing of animals, Lack of previous immunity and centralization of feed.

What could happen if feed supply is contaminated?

It would affect many farms in different locations

What are 5 vulnerabilities with livestock from an attack?

1. Poor records 2. Expanded international trade 3. Poor monitoring 4. Inadequate biosecurity 5. Lack of awareness

What is crucial for prevention of disease spread?

Excellent biosecurity, rapid monitoring, and effective response systems.

What was the first documented case where smallpox was used as a bioweapon

Smallpox infected blankets where used against the native population.

What did the soviet union use to get smallpox to use as a weapon?

Eggs

What did the British test their anthrax bomb on?

Sheep

How was the plauge used as a bioweapon in the 14th century

Corpes from plauge victims were launched into enemy territory

What is the first known use of botulism as a weapon?

Pancho Villa supporters against the Mexican Federales

How can people be infected by tularemia?

1. Bitten by insect

2. Handling meat

3. Food and or water

4. Breathing in bacteria

What does viral hemorrhagic fever cause?

External and internal bleeding