bi205 axial skeleton

80

how many bones are in the axial skeleton

skull bones, auditory ossicles, hyoid, vertebral column, throacic cage

what does the axial skeleton consist of

supports and protects organs in the dorsal and ventral body cavities, protects special sense organs, attachment site for muscles, adjust the posture of the head, neck and trunk, move the thoracic cage for respiration and stabilize the appendicular skeleton

functions of the axial skeleton

face, cranium, hyoid, auditory ossicles

bones that make up the skull

suture

made of dense fibrous connective tissue

lambdoid suture

suture between the occipital and 2 parietal bones

sagittal suture

suture between the 2 parietal bones

coronal suture

suture between the frontal bone and the 2 parietal bones

squamos suture

suture between the temporal bone and the parietal bone

frontonasal suture

suture between the nasal bones and the frontal bone

calvaria

bones and sutures of the dome of the cranium are called

foramen magnum

what is label 6

occipital condyle

what is label 11

hypoglossal canal

what is label 12

inferior nuchal line

what is label 5

superior nuchal line

what is label 3

external occipital crest

what is label 4

external occipital protuberance

what is label 1

squamos part

what is label 1

external acoustic meatus

what is label 2

mastoid process

what is label 3

styloid process

what is label 4

zygomatic process

what is label 5

frontal eminence

what is label 1

frontal suture

what is label 2

squamos part

what is label 3

superior temporal line

what is label 4

supercillary arch

what is label 5

supra-orbital margin

what is label 6

supra-orbital foramen

what is label 7

lacrimal fossa

what is label 9

orbital part

what is label 10

zygomatic process

what is label 1

styloid process

what is label 2

stylomastoid foramen

what is label 3

carotid canal

what is label 4

jugular fossa

what is label 5

internal acoustic meatus

what is label 7

petrous part

what is label 6

cribriform plate

what is label 1

crista gali

what is label 2

superior nasal concha

what is label 3

middle nasal concha

what is label 4

perpendicular plate

what is label 5

paranasal sinus

air filled chambers that open into the nasal cavity

stylohyoid ligaments

what ligaments is the hyoid bone suspended by

fontanelle

membranous areas where sutures will eventually form

24 vertebrae (7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar), 1 sacrum, coccyx

what makes up the vertebral column

encloses and protects the spinal cord

supports the skull

supports the weight of the head, neck, trunk

transfers weight to the lower limbs

helps maintain the upright position of the body

function of the vertebral column

cervical curve

a secondary curve develops as the infant learns to balance the head on vertebrae of the neck

thoracic curve

a primary curve accommodates the thoracic organs

lumbar curve

a secondary curve balances the weight of the trunk over the lower limbs, it develops with the ability to stand

sacral curve

a primary curve accommodates the abdominopelvic organs

intervertebral discs

a vertebral body is separated from another vertebral body by a pad of cartilage called

spina bifida

malformation of the structures making up the vertebral arch, where the vertebral arch fails to close completely

atlas

C1 is also known as

axis

C2 is also known as

ligamentum nuchae

large elastic ligament, begins at the vertebral prominens and extends to the external occipital crest if the skull

whiplash

sudden motion of the head resulting in vertebral damage

protects the heart, lungs, thymus, and other structures within the cavity

it serves as the attachment site for muscles involved in respiration, positioning the vertebral column, movements of the pectoral girdle and upper limb

functions of the thoracic cage

1-7

which ribs are true ribs

8-10

which ribs are false ribs

costal cartilages

connects false ribs to the sternum

11-12

which ribs are floating ribs

manubrium, body, xiphoid process, jugular notch

what does the sternum consist of