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molarity
number of moles of solute/liter of solution (M)
concentrated
contains a high concentration of solute
dilute
contains a low concentration of solute
saturated
containing the greatest possible number of hydrogen atoms
colloid
a mixture in which one substance consisting of microscopically dispersed insoluble particles is suspended throughout another substance.
supersaturated
increased concentration of (a solution) beyond saturation point.
desiccant
drying agent
dilution
the act of making a liquid more dilute
solute
substance being dissolved
solvent
dissolves other substances
Tyndall effect
light scattering by particles in a colloid or in a very fine suspension
electrolyte
A substance that breaks up into ions (particles with electrical charges) when it is dissolved in water or body fluids.
hydrate
cause to absorb water
factors that affect the rate of dissolving
temp, agitation (stirring), surface area
factors that affect the solubility of a substance
temp, pressure, nature/polarity
Arrhenius acid
a substance that when dissolved in water increases the concentration of hydrogen ions
Arrhenius base
a substance that when dissolved in water increases the concentration of hydroxide ions
Bronsted Lowry acid
proton donor
Bronsted Lowry base
proton acceptor
3 properties of an acid
sour taste, conduct electricity in a solution, corrosive
3 properties of a base
bitter taste, slippery, turn litmus paper blue
pH for H3O+
If less than -7 = base
If greater than -7= acid
pH for OH-
If less than -7= acid
If greater than -7 = base