Presidents of the United States 🇺🇸

George Washington

• Set precedents for the presidency

• Neutrality: maintained neutrality in foreign policy

• Whiskey Rebellion: enforced laws and maintained order

• Farewell Address: warned against party politics and regionalism

John Adams

• XYZ Affair: diplomatic incident with France

• Alien and Sedition Acts: restricted civil liberties

• Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions: opposed the Alien and Sedition Acts

Thomas Jefferson

• Louisiana Purchase: acquired land from France

• Triple E War: avoided war with Europe

• Embargo Act: restricted trade with Europe

James Madison

• War of 1812: fought against Britain

• Monroe Doctrine: opposed European colonization in the Western Hemisphere

John Quincy Adams

• Corrupt Bargain: made a deal to gain office

• Defeated Andrew Jackson

Andrew Jackson

• Common Man: represented the interests of the common people

• Democracy: expanded democracy to more people

• Second Great Awakening: religious revival

• Market Revolution: economic growth and development

James K. Polk

• Mexican-American War: acquired land from Mexico

• Manifest Destiny: believed in the expansion of the US

Abraham Lincoln

• Civil War: led the country through the Civil War

• Slavery: initially opposed the spread of slavery, later became an abolitionist

• Emancipation Proclamation: freed slaves in Confederate territory

• Assassinated

Andrew Johnson

• Reconstruction: attempted to rebuild the South after the Civil War

• Impeached for his reconstruction methods

Ulysses S. Grant

• Reconstruction: continued to rebuild the South

• Plagued by scandals

Rutherford B. Hayes

• End of Reconstruction: ended the Reconstruction era

• Compromise of 1877: ended the Reconstruction era

• Broke up a railroad strike

Grover Cleveland

• Broke up a strike

• Interstate Commerce: favored big business

William McKinley

• Imperialism: expanded US influence abroad

• Spanish-American War: fought against Spain

• Assassinated

Theodore Roosevelt

• Trust Buster: broke up monopolies

• Progressive: supported reforms

• Conservation: protected natural resources

• Big Stick Diplomacy: used military power to influence foreign policy

• Roosevelt Corollary: extended the Monroe Doctrine

William Howard Taft

• Dollar Diplomacy: invested in Latin America and China

Woodrow Wilson

• Progressive: supported reforms

• FTC: established the Federal Trade Commission

• Federal Reserve: established the Federal Reserve System

• Clayton Antitrust Act: restricted monopolies

• World War I: led the country through World War I

• 14 Points: proposed a peace settlement

• Treaty of Versailles: negotiated the Treaty of Versailles

• Missionary Diplomacy: supported democracies abroad

Herbert Hoover

• Great Depression: faced the Great Depression

Franklin D. Roosevelt

• New Deal: implemented a series of reforms to address the Great Depression

• Deficit Spending: increased government spending to stimulate the economy

• Court Packing: attempted to pack the Supreme Court

• World War II: led the country through World War II

• Executive Order 9066: interned Japanese Americans

• Died in office

Harry S. Truman

• Atomic Bomb: dropped atomic bombs on Japan

• Containment: opposed the spread of communism

• Truman Doctrine: provided aid to countries threatened by communism

• Marshall Plan: provided aid to rebuild Europe

• Integrated the Military: integrated the US military

Dwight D. Eisenhower

• Containment: opposed the spread of communism

• Conservative: favored conservative policies

• Enforced the decision of Brown v. Board of Education

John F. Kennedy

• Civil Rights: supported civil rights

• Cuba: faced challenges in Cuba, including the Bay of Pigs Invasion and the Cuban Missile Crisis

• Assassinated

Lyndon B. Johnson

• Great Society: implemented a series of domestic reforms

• Civil Rights: supported civil rights

• Vietnam War: escalated US involvement in the Vietnam War

Richard Nixon

• Vietnam War: ended US involvement in the Vietnam War

• Ping-Pong Diplomacy: improved relations with China

• Oil Crisis: faced an oil crisis

• Watergate Scandal: resigned due to the Watergate scandal

Gerald R. Ford

• Pardoned Richard Nixon

Jimmy Carter

• Energy Crisis: faced an energy crisis

• Economic Crisis: faced an economic crisis

• Iran Hostage Crisis: faced a hostage crisis in Iran

Ronald Reagan

• Cold War: opposed communism during the Cold War

• Reaganomics: implemented supply-side economic policies

• Berlin Wall: called for the destruction of the Berlin Wall

George H.W. Bush

• Persian Gulf War: led a coalition to liberate Kuwait

• Faced a recession

Bill Clinton

• NAFTA: implemented the North American Free Trade Agreement

• Bosnia: sent troops to Bosnia

• Impeached for perjury

George W. Bush

• War on Terror: launched the War on Terror

• Afghanistan War: invaded Afghanistan

• Iraq War: invaded Iraq

• Faced a financial crisis

Barack Obama

• Universal Healthcare: implemented the Affordable Care Act

• Don't Ask, Don't Tell: ended the ban on LGBTQ individuals in the military

• Stimulus: implemented stimulus packages to address the financial crisis