MOD 4 us history

Bernardo de Galvez

a Spanish governor who came over to help America and helped raise an army

JP (John Paul) Jones

A British outlaw who had naval experience and became a hero for America, had a ship named "Bonhomme Richard"

Marquis de Lafayette

French soldier who served Washington's army and supplied money and military skills.

Baron von Steuben

Prussian soldier who trained troops at Valley Forge

Mary Hayes

Molly Pitcher - replaced fallen husband at cannon - got water

Mercy Otis Warren

a writer from Massachusetts who opposed the Stamp Act and wrote anti-British plays.

James Armistead

was a slave who served as a spy for the Americans during the Revolution by posing as a runaway slave.

Charles Cornwallis

Commanding general of the British forces that were defeated at Yorktown in 1781, ending the American Revolution.

Francis Marion

South Carolina militia leader nicknamed the "Swamp Fox" for his hit-and-run attacks; used guerilla warfare

Rochambeau

French general who helped capture Yorktown

John Locke

English philosopher who opposed the Divine Right of Kings and who asserted that people have a natural right to life, liberty, and property.

Battle of Lexington and Concord

Starts revolutionary war; shot heard round the world

Battle of Saratoga

Turning point for revolution; foreign countries start to help

Battle of Trenton

Washington's army surprised the Hessians on Christmas Day

What does "taxation without representation" mean?

Parliament was taxing the American Colonists without any colonial representation

Thomas Paine

American political philosopher and author, he urged an immediate declaration of independence from England in his anonymously and simply written pamphlet

Common sense

a pamphlet written by Thomas Paine that criticized monarchies and convinced many American colonists of the need to break away from Britain

Argument of the Declaration of Independence

-Self-Evident Truths: the right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness

Where did the Indians go after the revolutionary war?

They had to move westward due to the Treaty of Paris not including them and the Americans forcing them out

Who won the battle in New York?

The British

Who won the battle in Quebec

British-America never tried again

Who won battle of Saratoga?

Americans-turning point

Who won the battle of Trenton?

Americans-sparked morale

Who won the battle at Sackville?

America

Why did the British pass a series of ACTS?

To pay off debt, control trade, keep power of the colonies, and for punishment

Who was framed for the Boston Tea Party?

Native Americans

What were the Intolerable Acts?

Laws designed to punish the colonists for the Boston Tea Party included closing Boston Harbor, revoking the Massachusetts Charter, allowing royal officials to take court in Britain, and the quartering acts.

What was the Boston Massacre?

British troops fired on an angry crowd of Boston colonists, killing five and wounding six; John Adams, a patriot, defended soldiers based on fact

Where did the Continental Congresses take place?

Philadelphia

Major accomplishments of the Continental Congress?

Drafted Declaration of Rights and created the continental army

Why did the British evacuate Boston?

Cannons captured at Fort Ticonderoga surrounded the city.

Why did the Continental Army Start to recruit African Americans?

The British had started to recruit them, and the army needed more people, but originally, they were banned

Continental Navy strategy?

Seized British supply ships

Valley Forge

Continental Army's camp during the winter; 2,000 soldiers died due to low supplies; troops were trained by Baron von Steuben.

Why was it difficult to recruit for the Continental Army?

they had low pay, harsh conditions, and a big chance of dying.

Why did France and Spain help this rag-tag group of rebels?

they both had beef with Britain along with the Americans

Treaty of Paris

agreement signed by British and American leaders that stated the United States of America was a free and independent country; officially ended the revolutionary war; took 2 years

Importance of Yorktown

it was the last major battle of the American Revolution and General Cornwallis surrendered his army

Why did the British think they would have more success in the South.

There were too many patriots everywhere else, and they thought the southern colonies would have more loyalists

What territory did Spain get at the end of war?

Florida

Patrick Henry

Spoke to Virginia House of Burgesses and stated the the stamp act violated colonists rights; speech convinced the assembly to supprt some of his ideas.