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Sand Creek Massacre
A massacre on November 29, 1864, where over 150 Cheyenne and Arapaho people were killed by U.S. troops.
Fetterman Massacre
A decisive defeat for the U.S. Army on December 21, 1866, where Captain Fetterman's detachment was killed by Lakota forces.
Wounded Knee Massacre
The killing of about 300 Lakota Sioux by the U.S. Army on December 29, 1890, marking the end of Indian resistance.
Dakota War
An uprising from August to December 1862 led by Little Crow where the Dakota faced starvation and were eventually crushed by the U.S. Army.
Long Walk of the Navajo
The forced relocation of approximately 8,000 Navajo people in 1864, resulting in severe suffering during their 300-mile walk.
Chief Joseph's Route
The 1,300-mile retreat led by Chief Joseph of the Nez Perce in 1877 to escape U.S. forces before being captured.
Bear Paw Mountain
Site where Chief Joseph surrendered to the U.S. Army on September 30, 1877, marking the end of the Nez Perce War.
Skeleton Canyon
An August 13, 1881 event where Geronimo's Apache band was captured, signaling the end of Apache resistance.
Indian Territory
Designated area where Native American tribes were relocated after the Indian Removal Act, later becoming Oklahoma in 1907.
Black Hills
Region at the center of the Great Sioux War due to gold discovery, leading to conflicts over land following treaty violations.
Little Bighorn
The June 25-26, 1876 battle where Lakota Sioux and Cheyenne defeated Custer’s 7th Cavalry, resulting in increased military suppression efforts.
Bozeman Trail
A key route for settlers from 1863-1868 that led to conflict with the Lakota Sioux and was closed after the Fetterman Massacre.
Red River War
A campaign by the U.S. Army against Southern Plains tribes from 1874-1875, leading to forced relocations and the end of major resistance.
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