AP World History Unit 4

Cartography

mapmaking

primogeniture laws

only oldest son can inherit the estate, led to people seeking adventure

Prince Henry the Navigator

funded maritime exploration, mostly around Africa

Vasco de Gama

went all the way around Africa, helped Portuguese make trading posts in India

navigational devices

astronomical charts, increased knowledge of tides, magnetic compass

Lateen sai

triangular sail, allows you to go in all directions

Sea Beggars

Dutch pirates

Bartholomov Diaz

got land for the Portuguese in Africa, but didn’t go any farther

Zheng He

Chinese naval dude

Ferdinand Magellan

first person to circumnavigate the world

Diseases brought to the Americas

smallpox, measles, malaria

Foods to the Americas

Sugar, okra, rice

Foods to Afro-Eurasia

maize, peppers, tomatoes, beans, cacao

Animals to the Americas

horses, sheep, pigs, cows

Effects of African Diaspora

new languages (creole), new music (blues), foods (gumbo)

Environmental Damage

deforestation, soil depletion, erosion, pollution

African states that traded with Europeans

Asante and Kingdom of the Kongo

Closed themselves off from outsiders

Ming China, Japan

Atahualpa

last Incan leader, killed by Francisco Pizzaro

Ecomienda

more feudal system like, controls land

Hacienda

kind of like ecomienda, more exports and money focused

joint stock companies

privately funded, limited liability, granted monopolies in certain areas

Triangular trade

trade between Europe, the Americas, and Africa

Ana Nzinga

Leader of Ndongo, fought off the Portuguese

Society in Russia

Peter the Great took away Boyar’s power

Pugachev Rebellion

Cossack peasant rebellion against Catherine the Great, caused her to oppress serfs even more

Maratha Empire

Hindu kindgdom that defeated the Mughal Empire

Maroon Societies

free black communities that got to live free

Glorious Revolution

Got a new protestant kind in England, gave the parliament more power

Pueblo revolt

in south america, drove christian missionaries away, but they came back in a decade

Stono Rebellion

Slave revolt in NA, stole weapons and killed all white people

Ottoman Timars

pieces of land that were given to nobles. Later sultans started taking these away and centralized their rule even more.

Jews in this time period

Expelled from Spain and Portugal, moved to Ottoman Empire where they were accepted.

Roxelana

Girl in the Ottoman Empire who got a lot of power. Was sold into slavery.

Manchu vs Han

Manchu made Han tie their hair in queues

Nobility in France

Louis XIV took away their power, made them move to Versailles

Casta System

In Latin America, Europeans changed the existing societal structures