Metabolism STUDENT 2023

Metabolism

The biochemical processes that convert food into energy and the building blocks needed for growth, development, activity, and recovery from illness.

Nutritional Assessment

A comprehensive evaluation that includes diet history, physical assessment data, and anthropometric data to determine an individual’s nutritional status.

Essential Nutrients

Substances that the body cannot synthesize and must be obtained through diet to support vital functions.

Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)

The rate at which the body expends energy at rest to maintain basic physiological functions.

Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)

A set of reference values used to plan and assess nutrient intakes of healthy individuals.

Body Mass Index (BMI)

A measurement calculated from a person's weight and height to assess whether they have a healthy body weight.

Dysphagia

Difficulty or discomfort in swallowing, often associated with malnutrition.

Therapeutic Diets

Specific dietary plans designed to manage or treat medical conditions, such as diabetic or low sodium diets.

Anthropometric Measurements

Quantitative measurements of the body's size, weight, and proportions used in nutritional assessments.

Food Labeling

The process of providing nutritional information on food packages to help consumers make informed dietary choices.

Vitamins

Organic compounds that are essential for normal growth and nutrition, typically required in small quantities in the diet.

Minerals

Inorganic elements needed by the body for various functions, including bone structure and metabolic processes.

Cultural Factors

Social and cultural influences that can affect dietary choices and health practices.

Pureed Diet

A therapeutic diet consisting of foods that have been blended to a smooth consistency to aid swallowing.

Malnutrition

A state of nutritional imbalance that can result from inadequate or excessive intake of nutrients.

Enteral Nutrition

Nutrition provided through a feeding tube that delivers nutrients directly to the gastrointestinal tract.

Parenteral Nutrition

Nutrition delivered intravenously, bypassing the digestive system, usually in hospitalized patients.

Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)

The daily dietary intake level sufficient to meet the nutrient requirements of nearly all (97-98%) healthy individuals.

Health Promotion

Strategies designed to improve health and prevent disease through lifestyle changes and education.

Individual Goals in Nutrition Care

Personalized targets set within a nutrition care plan to improve the patient’s nutritional status.

Social Isolation

A lack of contact with other people, which can impact eating behaviors and nutritional health.

Nutrient _____ refers to the amount of a nutrient that is needed by the body to maintain health.

requirements

_____ nutrition is a method where nutrients are delivered directly into the bloodstream.

Parenteral

A dietary assessment often includes _____ history and physical assessment data.

diet

Lowering ________ intake can help manage blood pressure in individuals with hypertension.

sodium

_____ deficiencies can lead to various health issues including fatigue and weakened immune function.

Nutrient

Cultural beliefs can significantly influence ________ choices and eating habits.

dietary

Being ________ involves having difficulty in swallowing, which can lead to malnutrition.

dysphagic

The process of ensuring adequate nutrient intake for those who cannot eat normally is known as _______ nutrition.

enteral

Body Mass Index (BMI) helps assess whether a person has a healthy body ________.

weight

Food ________ is essential for helping consumers make informed choices about their diets.

labeling