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Candidiasis (Yeast infection)
Cause: Overgrowth of fungus (candida albicans)
Symptoms: Vaginal itching, burning with urination, white vaginal discharge
Diagnosis: Testing of vaginal discharge
Treatment: Over the counter / prescription medication
Ectopic Pregnancy
Cause: Zygote implantation in an area other than the uterine wall.
Symptoms: Abdominal or pelvic pain with light bleeding.
Diagnosis: Physical examination, blood tests, ultrasound
Treatment: Termination of the pregnancy
Endometriosis
Cause: When endometrial tissue grow outside the uterine lining.
Symptoms: Pelvic pain with menstruation, pain with intercourse, pain with bowel movements / urination, infertility
Diagnosis: Pelvic examination, ultrasound, laparoscopy
Treatment: Pain medication, hormone therapy, laparoscopic surgery
Genital Herpes
Cause: Herpes simplex virus spread via sexual contact
Symptoms: Pain, itching, sores in genitals, initial flu-like symptoms
Diagnosis: Visual examination of sores, testing sample from spores
Treatment: INCURABLE, antivirals can prevent / shorten outbreaks.
Inguinal Hernia
Cause: Portion of the intestines protrudes through a weak point of the abdominal wall.
Symptoms: Bulging in groin accompanied by aching / weakness, pain with lifting, coughing, or movement
Diagnosis: Physical examination
Treatment: Surgery to repair if symptoms present. No symptoms usually, so no treatment.
Testicular Torsion
Cause: Usually unknown. Some people are born with nothing keeping the testes in place.
Symptoms: When the balls twist, killing one ball. Pain.
Diagnosis: Physical examination
Treatment: Untwist the balls, surgery necessary
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Cause: Unknown. Hormonal changes?
Symptoms: Enlargement of the prostates, uncomfortable urinary symptoms (UTI, kidney problems).
Diagnosis: Digital rectal exam, urine test, prostate specific antigen test.
Treatment: Transurethral resection of the prostate
Diabetes Mellitus Type 1
Cause: Chronic condition, body cannot produce insulin.
Symptoms: Excessive thirst, frequent urination, extreme hunger, weight loss, fatigue, blurred vision, poor healing, numbness in hands and feet.
Diagnosis: Blood tests to evaluate glucose metabolism
Treatment: Monitoring blood sugar levels, insulin therapy, eating a healthy diet, managing weight.
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2
Cause: Insulin resistance, from genetics, obesity, and lifestyle choice.
Symptoms: Same as type 1
Diagnosis: Same as type 1
Treatment: Same as type 1, may be prescribed insulin if progresses.
Cushing Syndrome
Cause: Caused by overuse of oral corticosteroids.
Symptoms: Excessive fat deposits in subscapular and face.
Diagnosis: Indications of high blood pressure, loss of muscle mass, glucose intolerance, weight gain.
Treatment: Medications to lower levels of glucocorticoids.
Hypothyroidism
Cause: Underproduction of the thyroid hormone by the thyroid gland
Symptoms: Increasing tiredness dry skin, constipation, weight gain
Diagnosis: Blood tests, radioactive iodine uptake test, thyroid scans
Treatment: Use of synthetic thyroid hormone levothyroxine
Hyperthyroidism
Cause: Overproduction of the thyroid hormone by the thyroid gland
Symptoms: Sudden weight loss, rapid heartbeat, muscle weakness, disturbed sleep, tremor, weight loss, anxiety, irritability and bulging of the eyes.
Diagnosis: Typically diagnosed by symptoms, thyroid hormone tests may also be used.
Treatment: Antithyroid medications, oral radioactive iodine
Grave's Disease
Cause: Malfunction in the body's immune system that disrupts normal thyroid regulation, resulting in hyperthyroidism.
Symptoms: Significant enlargement of the thyroid gland, increased heartbeat, muscle weakness, disturbed sleep, tremor, weight loss, anxiety, irritability, bulging of the eyes.
Diagnosis: Usually diagnosed by symptoms, thyroid hormone tests may be used.
Treatment: Radioactive iodine therapy, antithyroid medications, beta blockers, surgery
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