Skeletal System

Functions of the skeletal system

support; movement; protection; mineral storage; hematopoiesis

Where is hyaline cartilage found?

rib cage, voice box, nasal

Where is elastic cartilage found?

external ear, epiglottis

Where is fibrocartilage cartilage found?

knee, between vertebrae

Function of osteoblasts

forms bone matrix; appears in cartilage; secrete osteoid

Function of osteoclasts

resorbs bones; breakdown the bone to allow new cells to form

Function of osteocytes

maintains bone tissue

First step of ossification

osteoblasts appear in cartilage

Second step of ossification

osteoblasts secrete osteoid and osteocytes get trapped in bone

Third step of ossification

blood vessels weaving into the bone and the periosteum forms

Last step of ossification

lamellar bone is developed/formed and osteocytes, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts are all present; keeps happening until your bones are fully formed

Purposes of bone remodeling

repair skeleton damage; prevent accumulation of old bone; obtain/store calcium & other minerals

How many vertebrae in the cervical vertebrae?

7

How many vertebrae in the thoracic vertebrae?

12

How many vertebrae in the lumbar vertebrae?

5

How many vertebrae are in the sacrum?

5 fused

How many vertebrae are in the coccyx?

3 or 4 fused

What is ricketts

osteomalacia in kids; mostly in children; bowed legs and other bone deformities

What is ostealgia

bone pain; caused by arthritis or fracture

What is osteoporosis

bone resorption outpaces bone deposit; decreases bone mass; calcium deficiency

What is scoliosis

“Twisted” disease; abnormal lateral curvature of the thoracic vertebrae; idiopathic (without a known cause)

What is rheumatoid arthritis

immune system attacks own joints/body; come with other symptoms (fever, loss of appetite, weight loss); primary effect on smaller joints; limited movement

What is osteoarthritis

cartilage wears down with movement; primary effect on weight bearing joints (knees, hips, back, neck, shoulder); maintain movement