Manifest Destiny and Reform Movements

Abolition

the act of ending something forever (slavery); pushed to end slavery

William Lloyd Garrison

Editor of a newspaper called The Liberator

Harriet Beecher Stowe

Author of Uncle Tom's Cabin

What is the temperance movement?

A movement to end the sale, consumption, or transportation of alcohol.

Who said 'Lips that touch liquor shall never touch mine'?

Sam Booth in 1874.

Who was in favor of the temperance movement

Churches, women, businesses

Suffrage Movement

right to vote; "Woman is man's equal"; increased rights for women

Seneca Falls Convention

(1848) the first national women's rights convention at which the Declaration of Sentiments was written

What year did most states not grant women the right to vote?

1875

Which two states had full voting rights for women in 1875?

Wyoming and Utah

How many states had partial women's suffrage in 1875?

Eight states

What amendment granted full women's suffrage in the U.S.?

The 19th Amendment

In what year was the 19th Amendment added to the U.S. Constitution?

1920

Education Reform

movement to reform the free public education system for every child

What is the focus of the Prison Reform movement?

To reform the treatment for prisoners serving time for crime.

What does the Mental Illness Reform movement advocate for?

The establishment of hospitals for the mentally disabled.

Labor Reform

improved working conditions, minimum pay, and length of work day

What is Manifest Destiny?

The idea that the US is destined to exist from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean.

What role did white settlers play in Manifest Destiny?

White settlers expanded westward.

What helped settlers travel and relocate during Manifest Destiny?

New innovations.

What economic promise was associated with Manifest Destiny?

Promised economic opportunity.

Mr. Manifest Destiny

James K. Polk because he talked about Manifest Destiny in his Inaugural speech in 1845

Age of Westward Expansion

Adding lands of Oregon, Texas, and Mexican Cession where people moved west

Economy of the North/Northeast

Industry, Factory System because Poor soil and short growing seasons made cash crop farming unproductive

Economy of the West

Mining minerals, metal ores and minerals, Agriculture - inexpensive land and an abundance of natural resources

Mexican Cession, 1848

Acquired through the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848 - large chunk of U.Ss

Louisiana Purchase, 1803

Doubled size of U.S.; purchased from France - large chunk of U.S.

Oregon Territory, 1846

Settled boundary dispute between U.S. and Great Britain

Texas Annexation, 1845

Increased tensions between U.S. and Mexico - large chunk of U.S.

Gadsden Purchase, 1853

Bought to complete transcontinental railroad

Adams-Onis Treaty, 1819

Treaty between the U.S. and Spain that ceded Florida to the U.S

What were two major causes of the Mexican-American War?

Annexation of Texas and a border dispute

What treaty ended the Mexican-American War?

Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo

What did the United States pay Mexico to end the Mexican-American War?

$15 million

What land did the United States gain as a result of the Mexican-American War?

All land North of the Rio Grande (Mexican Cession)

What was three effects of the Mexican-American War?

Signed the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo, Passed the Compromise of 1850, and Gold rush to California

Second Great Awakening

People inspired to join reform movements and address social problems

Who was Henry David Thoreau?

An American author and philosopher.

What philosophical movement is Henry David Thoreau associated with?

Transcendentalism

What is the title of the essay written by Henry David Thoreau that advocates for civil resistance?

Civil Disobedience

Why was Henry David Thoreau jailed?

For refusing to pay taxes.

What did Thoreau believe the taxes he refused to pay were funding?

The U.S.-Mexican War and the extension of slavery.

Ralph Waldo Emerson

Created paintings of Nature and transcendentalism literature and art

Thomas Cole

leader of the Hudson River School and transcendentalism literature and art

Push Factors for Chinese immigration during Industrial Revolution

Push - Escaping Civil War and overcrowding in China

Pull Factors for Chinese Immigration during the Industrial Revolution

Pull - Jobs (mining and railroads)

Forty-Niners

People who went to California looking for Gold (1849)

Push Factors for Mormons moving West

Push - Religious persecution

Pull Factors for Mormons Moving West

Pull - Religious Freedom in Utah