Lecture Note 03

Operating Systems

Explain how operating systems have evolved from the earliest batch processing systems to complex multitasking environments.

Components of Operating Systems

Identify the main components of commonly used operating systems.

Software Classification

Identify the various classifications of application and operating system software found on modern computers.

Process and Concerns

Explain the operating system concept of a process, and the potential concerns that arise when a system contains multiple processes competing for resources.

Deadlock

Identify the conditions required for deadlock to occur.

Cybersecurity Concerns

Identify existing cybersecurity concerns and the modern operating system security features designed to guard against them.

History of Operating Systems

Explain the history of operating systems and how they have evolved over time.

Functions of Operating Systems

Identify the functions of operating systems, including overseeing computer operations, storing and retrieving files, providing a user interface, and coordinating program execution.

Batch Processing

Explain the concept of batch processing in operating systems.

Interactive Processing

Explain the concept of interactive processing in operating systems.

Operating System Architecture

Identify the architecture of operating systems, including application software and system software.

User Interface

Explain the role of the user interface in operating systems.

File Manager

Define the term "directory" and explain its role in file management.

Memory Manager

Define the term "memory manager" and explain its role in allocating space in main memory.

Bootstrapping

Explain the process of bootstrapping in operating systems, including the role of the boot loader.

Process

Define the term "process" and explain its role in executing a program.

Process Administration

Explain the roles of the scheduler and dispatcher in process administration.

Handling Competition among Processes

Explain how operating systems handle competition among processes using semaphores and mutual exclusion.

Deadlock

Define deadlock and identify the conditions required for deadlock to occur.

Security

Identify common security concerns in operating systems, including attacks from outside and within the system.