B.F. Skinner - Operant Conditioning
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Who made Operant Conditioning?
B.F. Skinner
What is Operant Conditioning?
What is Operant Conditioning?
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What is Operant Conditioning?
A form of learning where behavior frequency is changed by manipulating its environmental consequences.
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How does an "operant response" affect the environment?
It "operates" on the environment to cause a change, which then causes the behavior to change.
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What was Skinner’s key discovery regarding the rate of a response?
The rate depends on what happens after the behavior occurs, not on a preceding stimulus.
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How does Operant Conditioning differ from Pavlov’s classical conditioning?
It focuses on behavior controlled by its effects/consequences rather than involuntary reflexes.
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What is the principle of Reinforcement?
Behaviors that are reinforced will reoccur; intermittent reinforcement is especially effective.
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What is Shaping in Operant Conditioning?
Presenting information in small amounts so that gradual responses can be reinforced.
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What is Stimulus Generalization?
When reinforcements generalize across similar stimuli, producing secondary conditioning.
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What is a "contingency of reinforcement"?
The process of arranging environmental consequences to produce specific operant behaviors.
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