Ch.17 Eyes and Ears

Medical Terminology

Conjunctiva

Membrane lining inner surface of eyelids

Sclera

Opaque white of the eye

Vitreous Chamber

Posterior cavity of the eyes, behind the lens filled with a soft jelly-like material

Lens

Eye structure that’s transparent, biconvex and focuses light on the retina

Presbyopia

Impairment of vision due to old age

Cone

Photosensensitive receptor cells of the retina; make the perception of color possible

Macula

Yellowish region in the trina that contains the fovea centralis

Cornea

Fibrous layer of clear tissue that extends over the anterior portion of the eye and is continuous with the white of the eye

Myopia

Medical term for Nearsightedness

Optic Chiasm

Place where optic nerve fibers cross in the brain

Accommodation

Adjustment of the lens by the ciliary body

kerat/o

Combining (prefix) form of cornea

What is Astigmatism

Defective curvature of the cornea or lens

What does Palpebr/o mean?

Eyelid

Combining form of the ciliary body

Cycl/o

Pupil

Dark center of the eye through which light rays enter

Ciliary body

Contains muscles that control the shape of the lens and secrete aqueous humor

Iris

Colored portion of the eye; surrounds the pupil

Vitreous humor

Jelly-like material behind the lens; helps to maintain the shape of the eyeball

Retina

Contains sensitive cells (rods and cones) that transmit light energy to nervous impulses

Choroid

Vascular layer of the eyeball that is continuous with the iris

Glaucoma is primarily diagnoses by what method

Tonometry

Scotoma

A blind spot, area of depressed vision surrounded by an area of normal vision

Eye inflammation commonly called “pinkeye”

Conjunctivitis

Cochlea

Snail shell-shaped, tube in inner ear, contains hearing-sensitive receptor cell

Tympanic membrane

Membrane between outer and middle ear; eardrum

Malleus

First ossicle (bone) of the middle ear: hammer-like

Cerumen

Waxy substance secreted by the external ear; earwax

Cholesteatoma

Collection of skin cells and cholesterol in a sac within the middle ear

Labyrinth

Maze-like series of canals of the inner ear; includes cochlea, vestibule, and semicircular canals

Otitis media

Inflammation of the middle ear

Tinnitus

Sensation of noises in the ears without an external source