Business Information Systems Exam #2

Focuses on an incremental development process and timely delivery of working software. However, there is less emphasis on team coding and more emphasis on limiting the project’s scope.

Agile methodology

The analyst introduces the system in only a limited area of the organization, such as a division or department. If the system works correctly, it is implemented in the rest of the organization in stages or all at once.

Pilot conversion

The measure of how well the proposed solution will work in the organization and how internal and external customers will react to it

Operational feasibility

Which of the following is NOT one of the five phases for the SDLC:

Project Management

A written document with detailed specifications that is used to request bids for equipment, supplies, or services from vendors.

A request for proposal (RFP)

Analysts choose the solution that is the most realistic and offers the highest payoff for the organization.

the design phase

A series of well-defined phases performed in sequence. Each phases’s output (results) become the input for the next phase.

systems development life cycle (SDLC)

The systems designer must define the problem the organization faces, taking care not to define symptoms rather than the underlying problem.

the planning phase

Analysts define the problem and generate alternatives for solving it.

the requirements-gathering and analysis phase

The solution is transferred from paper to action, and the team configures the system and procures components for it.

the implementation phase

This is an organization with assets and operations in at least one country other than its home country. It delivers products and services across national borders and is usually centrally managed from its headquarters.

A multinational corporation (MNC)

This uses highly centralized information systems. Subsidiaries have little autonomy and rely on headquarters for all process and control decisions as well as system design and implementation.

A global structure (also known as franchiser)

This is an information system that works across national borders, facilitates communication between headquarters and subsidiaries in other countries, and incorporates all the technologies and applications found in a typical information system to gather, store, manipulate, and transmit data across cultural and geographic boundaries.

A global information system

An organization with this structure operates much like a multinational corporation, but subsidiaries depend on headquarters more for process and production decisions. 

international structure

Globalization has become an important factor in purchasing and the supply chain.

True

Transborder data flow (TDF) restricts the type of data that can be captured and transmitted in foreign countries.

True

All of the following organizations do business across national borders except:

Domestic organizations

Which of the following is NOT one of the three obstacles to using global information systems?

Lack of funding

This consists of the processes a company uses to track and organize its contacts. It improves services offered and uses customer contact information for targeted marketing.

Customer relationship management (CRM)

A technique used to improve (CRM) systems (and many other systems) by identifying, storing, and disseminating “know-how” facts about how to perform tasks.

knowledge management systems.

enables business partners to send and receive information on business transactions.

Electronic data interchange (EDI)

An integrated system that collects and processes data and manages and coordinates resources, information, and functions throughout an organization.

Enterprise resource planning (ERP)

Technologies that try to simulate and reproduce human thought behavior, including thinking, speaking, feeling, and reasoning. 

Artificial intelligence (AI)

Is the process of working with partners to improve procedures for delivering products and services.

Supply chain management (SCM)

A process and procedure by which knowledge is gained through experience. In other words, computers learn without being explicitly programmed.

Machine learning

Mimics human expertise in a particular field to solve a problem in a well-defined area.

Expert systems

An interactive information system consisting of hardware, software, data, and models (mathematical and statistical) designed to assist decision makers in an organization. Its three major components are a database, a model base, and a user interface.

A decision support system (DSS)

a small electronic device consisting of a microchip and an antenna. This device performs the same task as bar codes, universal product codes (UPCs), and magnetic strips on credit and debit cards.

radio frequency identification (RFID) tag

Assist decision makers working in groups. These systems use computer and communication technologies to formulate, process, and implement a decision-making task and can be considered a kind of intervention technology that helps overcome the limitations of group interactions.

Group support systems (GSSs)

Integrates information from multiple sources and presents it in a unified, understandable format, often as charts and graphs. It offers up-to-the minute snapshots of information and assists decision makers in identifying trends and potential problems.

A digital dashboard

Captures, stores, processes, and displays geographic information or information in a geographic context, such as showing the location of all city streat lights.

A geographic information system (GIS)

a Web server delivers information to users (who have signed up for the service) instead of waiting for them to request the information be sent to them.

push technology

Assists groups in communicating, collaborating, and coordinating their activities. It is a collection of applications that supports decision makers by providing access to a shared environment and information.

Groupware

a decentralized and distributed network that is used to record transactions across connected devices as blocks of data that cannot be altered after being recorded. 

blockchain

Are interactive information systems that give executives easy access to internal and external data and typically include “drill-down” features and a digital dashboard for examining and analyzing information.

Executive information systems (EISs)

users stay in the real-world environment while interacting with objects.

Augmented reality

a Web server delivers information to users (who have signed up for the service) instead of waiting for them to request the information be sent to them.

push technology

uses computer-generated, three-dimensional images to create the illusion of interaction in a real-world environment

Virtual reality (VR)

a user states a need before getting information, as when a URL is entered in a Web browser so the user can go to a certain Web site.

pull technology

this involves combining the processing powers of various computers

grid computing

a small electronic device consisting of a microchip and an antenna. This device performs the same task as bar codes, universal product codes (UPCs), and magnetic strips on credit and debit cards.

radio frequency identification (RFID) tag

the provision of IT services on demand. Users pay for computing or storage resources on an as-needed basis.

Utility computing

a decentralized and distributed network that is used to record transactions across connected devices as blocks of data that cannot be altered after being recorded. 

blockchain

Bluetooth and WiMax serve the same function?

False

There are two types of RFID tags: passive and active.

True

Technologies that try to simulate and reproduce human thought behavior, including thinking, speaking, feeling, and reasoning. 

Artificial intelligence (AI)

Software capable of reasoning and following rule-based processes; they are becoming more popular, especially in e-commerce.

Intelligent agents

A process and procedure by which knowledge is gained through experience. In other words, computers learn without being explicitly programmed.

Machine learning

Mimics human expertise in a particular field to solve a problem in a well-defined area.

Expert systems

Allows a smooth, gradual transition between human and computer vocabularies and deals with variations in linguistic terms by using a degree of membership.

Fuzzy logic