Lesson 14 - Solid Phase Extraction II and other pre-treatment technique

SPE

Solid Phase Extraction, a method used to isolate analytes from different matrices.

Steps of SPE

The 5 steps involved in Solid Phase Extraction: Select the proper SPE tube or disk, condition the SPE tube or disk, add the sample, wash the packing, and elute the compounds of interest.

Condition the SPE Tube

A process to prepare the sorbent surface for adsorption prior to sample extraction.

Retentive SPE

Involves the retention of compounds of interest by the sorbent, typically used with less strong solvents to wash off impurities.

Non-retentive SPE

Involves the retention of impurities by the sorbent, using solvents that elute only the compounds of interest.

Derivatization

A chemical technique that changes target compounds to enhance separation, volatility, and detectability.

Advantages of SPE

More efficient than liquid-liquid extraction, provides quantitative yields, reduces solvent used, and can be automated.

Applications of SPE

Used for cleanup, concentration of analytes, and exchanging sample environments for better chromatography.

Types of Derivatization

Include silylation, acylation, and alkylation; these reactions modify compounds for enhanced GC analysis.

Elute the compounds of interest

To rinse the packing with a solvent that removes the desired analytes while leaving impurities behind.