Solids: Types and Properties

These flashcards cover the various types of solids, their properties, and examples concerning ionic, molecular, metallic, network covalent solids, and alloys.

Amorphous solids

Solids that do not have a well-defined long-range order or crystal structure.

Crystalline solids

Solids that have a well-ordered, repeating arrangement of atoms.

Ionic Solids

Solids whose lattice contains ions held together by electrostatic forces, conducting electricity when dissolved or molten.

Molecular Solids

Solids composed of molecules held together by intermolecular forces, typically have low melting points and do not conduct electricity.

Metallic Solids

Solids composed of metal atoms that are held together by delocalized covalent bonding, allowing them to conduct electricity.

Substitutional alloys

Alloys where some metal atoms are replaced by other metal atoms of similar size, retaining properties like malleability.

Interstitial alloys

Alloys formed when smaller atoms fill the spaces between larger metal atoms, increasing rigidity but decreasing malleability.

Network covalent solids

Solids in which atoms are held together by strong covalent bonds, forming giant networks, usually brittle and with high melting points.

Allotropes

Different structural forms of the same element; for example, diamond and graphite are allotropes of carbon.

Group 18 Solids

Noble gas solids held together only by weak London dispersion forces.