Calcium Disorders

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to calcium homeostasis and regulation, based on the lecture notes.

Calcium

The most abundant mineral in the body, found predominantly in bones.

Ionized Calcium

Physiologically active form of calcium, important for various bodily functions.

PTH (Parathyroid Hormone)

A hormone that regulates calcium levels in the blood.

Calcitriol

Active form of Vitamin D, involved in calcium absorption and regulation.

Calcitonin

A hormone that lowers blood calcium levels by inhibiting bone resorption.

Cholecalciferol

Dietary form of Vitamin D, which is converted to calcitriol in the body.

Homeostasis

The maintenance of stable internal conditions within the body.

Hypocalcemia

Low levels of calcium in the blood.

Hypercalcemia

High levels of calcium in the blood.

Calcium Disorders

Conditions resulting from abnormal calcium levels in the body.

Bone Resorption

The process by which bone is broken down, releasing calcium into the bloodstream.

Renal Excretion

The elimination of substances from the body through the kidneys.

Vitamin D Deficiency

A lack of vitamin D that can lead to low calcium absorption.

Dietary Intake of Calcium

Recommended daily intake of calcium is around 25 mmol.

Total Serum Calcium

Measurement comprising protein-bound, complexed, and ionized calcium in the blood.

Anion Concentration

The presence and levels of anions (negatively charged ions) that can affect calcium levels.

Albumin

A protein in the blood that can bind calcium; affects calcium measurements.

Alkalosis

A condition in which the body fluids have excess base (alkali).

Acidosis

A condition in which the body fluids have excess acid.