The Heart

pump blood through vessels

function of the heart

respiratory system

right side of the heart is for the…

body

left side of the heart is for the…

mediastinum

location of the heart

14cm x 9 cm

size of heart

endocardium

inner lining of chambers; makes surface smooth

myocardium

middle muscular layer

epicardium/visceral pericardium

serous membrane layer that covers the heart and provides lubrication

direct blood flow and push blood up to vessels

cardiac muscle wraps around the heart to…

intercalated discs

Branched muscle fibers are joined together by what?

syncytium

term for muscle units all working together

pericardium

serous layer of the heart that has 3 separate layers

fibrous pericardium

layer of the heart that provides support and anchors to the diaphragm

pericardial sac

area between the fibrous pericardium and the parietal pericardium

pericardial cavity

area between the parietal pericardium and the visceral pericardium

superior and inferior vena cava

What are the largest veins of the body?

coronary arteries

direct blood to heart tissue

cardiac veins

come together to form the coronary sinus

tricuspid and mitral/bicuspid valve

What are the 2 atrioventricular valves?

pulmonary and aortic valve

What are the 2 semilunar valves?

superior/inferior vena cava → right atrium → tricuspid valve → right ventricle → pulmonary valve → pulmonary trunk → pulmonary arteries → lungs (alveolar capillaries) → pulmonary veins → left atrium → mitral/bicuspid valve → left ventricle → aortic valve → aorta → body

steps of the blood flow through the heart

control blood flow and make sure its continuous

What is the purpose of valves?