alzheimers

What is Alzheimer's disease?

A progressive brain disorder affecting memory, thinking, and behaviour; most common cause of dementia in older adults

What is dementia?

A decline in intellectual functioning

What causes Alzheimer's disease?

Not fully understood; believed to be a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors

What abnormal proteins are involved in Alzheimer's?

Amyloid plaques and tau tangles

What do amyloid plaques and tau tangles do?

They damage and kill brain cells

Name three recommended lifestyle factors to reduce the risk of Alzheimer's.

Avoid smoking and excess alcohol, eat a healthy diet and be physically active, stay socially active and mentally stimulated

What are the early symptoms of Alzheimer's disease?

Mild memory loss, especially of recent events

What cognitive difficulties develop as Alzheimer's progresses?

Difficulty with problem-solving, planning, decision-making, and language (finding the right words)

What behavioural and mood changes occur in Alzheimer's?

Confusion, disorientation, mood and personality changes, loss of interest in activities

What happens to basic daily tasks as Alzheimer's progresses?

Trouble with tasks such as dressing and grooming

Is there a cure for Alzheimer's disease?

No, but treatments can manage symptoms and improve quality of life

What treatments help Alzheimer's patients?

Medications to improve cognition and behaviour, lifestyle changes, counselling, and support groups

What happens in the late stages of Alzheimer's disease?

The patient becomes unable to care for themselves and needs full assistance

Figure 1: Normal vs Alzheimer's brain.