Authorial Choices & Figurative Language

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27 Terms

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Alliteration

A series of words or phrases that all start with the same sound. Typically consonants

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Allusion

When the author makes a direct reference to something inside of their work, usually a historical reference to another famous work

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Anachronism

Intentional error in the chronology or timeline of a text. Like when technology or slang appear in the text before the time period that they were invented

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Colloquialism

Use of informal language and slang to make the characters talk more realistically

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Euphemism

More mild or indirect word choice as opposed to stating something more bluntly or directly (ex. downsizing)

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Foreshadowing

when an author indirectly hints at upcoming events through current dialogue/description

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Hyperbole

Exaggerated statement that is not meant to be taken literally

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Imagery

when an author describes a scene, thing, or idea so that it appeals to the senses

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Irony

the expression of one's meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite, typically for humorous or emphatic effect.

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Verbal irony

when someone says one thing but means the opposite

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Situational irony

when something happens that is the opposite of what is expected to happen or intended to happen

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Dramatic irony

when the audience is aware of the true intentions or outcomes, while the characters are not

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Cosmic Irony

A type of situational irony dealing with the perception that gods or fate toys with aspirations and deeds

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Juxtaposition

two things being seen or placed close together with contrasting effect.

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Metaphor

A direct comparison of two unlike things by identification or substitution

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Simile

comparison using “like” or “as”

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Metonymy

When a related word or phrase is substituted for the actual thing to which it’s referring (ie. the crown)

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Onomatopoeia

A word or group of words that represents a sound

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Oxymoron

A combination of two contradictory words that illustrates a paradox

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Paradox

A statement that appears illogical or self-contradictory, but upon investigation, might prove to be true or plausible

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Personification

When a nonhuman object is compared to have human-like characteristics

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Symbolism

An object, figure, event, situation, or an idea that represents something else in the context of a written work

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Synecdoche

part of something is used to represent a whole, or vice versa (ex. I need a hand)

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Apostrophe

addressing a person or personified object not present (ex. Little Lamb, who made thee?)

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Anthropomorphism

ascribing human emotions and characteristics to animals or inanimate objects.

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Litotes

Understatement for effect (ex. he’s not the cleanest person)

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anecdote

a short, personal story used to illustrate a point or make a concept more relatable. It is often used in writing or speeches to provide examples or add interest to the content.