Smart Grid Final

Class Definition

Smart Grid is an advanced electrical network that uses digital communication, real-time monitoring, and intelligent control to reliably manage the generation, transmission, distribution, and consumption of electricity. It enables two-way energy and data flow between power producers and consumers, allowing for integration of renewable resources, distributed generation, energy storage, and flexible loads. Through technologies like advanced metering infrastructure, AI, and advanced analytics, the smart grid enhances efficiency, flexibility, resilience, and sustainability, ensuring the grid is secure and fault-tolerant.

P class vs M class PMU

P class Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) are designed for accurate measurements used in state estimation, while M class PMUs focus on monitoring and protection applications, providing less stringent accuracy requirements.

Northeast blackout of August 14th, 2003

Most widespread blackout in US history, Result of a lack of operator situational awareness

Particle Swarm Optimization

A computational method inspired by social behavior of birds or fish. Particles always accelerate towards their pbest and gbest positions at each time step

Immune System

The AIS is a biologically motivated information processing system, which has many superior characteristics in optimization, such as flexible adaptability, clone selection, pattern recognition and distributed multi-level structure.

Innate Immunity

Optimal control with fixed parameters

Adaptive immunity

adaptive control with parameter variation

Smart grid disciplines

Computational Intelligence,

Cyber Security

Visual and Data Analytics

Intelligent Communications

Intelligent power electronics

intelligent decision and control systems

intelligent measurements

environment - renewables and EVs

Ethics

Smart Grid Functions

Self-Healing

Fault-tolerant

Dynamic integration of generation and storage

Cyber security

DR

Electricity client’s active participation

reliability, power quality, security, and efficiency

Smart Information Systems

Sensors that collect real-time information about energy quality

Sensors that collect consumption info

A mechanism to analyze all collected data to make better predictions

means to provide insights to design incentive programs to change energy consumption behaviors

Enable safe incorporation of renewables

Energy trilemma

security: reliability

Equity: affordable

Sustainability: renewables

Main ethical concern of SIS

Privacy

Stakeholders

Utilities

Policy-makers

tech providers

researchers

consumers

Smart meter functions

Providing energy usage data to consumers

Sending data to the utility

remote disconnect

appliance control

tamper/theft protection

Negawatt market

Negative power market in which power that would have been consumed, but was not, is a commodity.

Swarm intelligence

Swarm Intelligence (SI) is the property of a system whereby the collective behaviors of (unsophisticated) agents interacting locally with their environment cause coherent functional global patterns to emerge.

5 principles of Swarm Intelligence

Proximity

Quality

Diversity

Stability

Adaptability