Sense Organs

Sense organs contain modified nerve endings called__that act as sensory receptors.

Dendrites

Homeostasis, the balance of nutrients and fluids in the body, depends on__sensations.

Visceral

When stretched, most hollow organs elicit

Pain

Touch is also known as the__sense.

Tactile

Central temperature receptors are located in the__of the CNS.

Hypothalamus

The core temperature of a cow is taken

In the rectum

The normal upper end of the temperature reference range of a goat is 103.5°F. What should be the maximum body temperature compatible with life for the goat?

113.5°F

Which one of the following senses is a special sense?

Smell

The pain-experiencing sense is also known as the__sense.

Nociception

The only place in an animal’s body where there are no pain receptors is (are) the

Brain

Modulation of sensory nerve impulses occurs in the

Spinal cord

The conversion of a painful stimuli to a nerve impulse occurs in the

Sensory nerve ending

Conscious perception of pain takes place in the

Cerebral cortex

Which of the four processes that contribute to pain can be influenced through treatment with drugs?

Modulation

During a physical examination the veterinarian curls a dog’s foot under so it is upside down. The dog immediately brings the foot back to the normal standing position. What sense did the dog use to do this?

Proprioception

Wind-up, if it occurs, is seen in animals

After recovery from general anesthesia

The sensory organ and structures associated with the special senses are all located in the

Head

The gustatory sense is dependent on__stimulation.

Chemical

Olfactory sensors are found in the

Nasal passages

The hearing sensory receptors are found in the

Inner ear

Which bone(s) of the skull horse(s) most of the middle and inner ear structures?

Temporal bone

An upper respiratory tract infection will primarily affect the

Olfactory sense

The part of the ear that is visible on the outside of the animal is the

Pinna

Another name for the eardrum is the

Tympanic membrane

The eardrum is made up of

Connective tissue

The ossicles of the ear link the

Tympanic membrane with the cochlea

The most medial of the ossicles is the

Stapes

The function of the ossicles is to

Decrease amplitude of sound wave vibrations and increase their force

The function of the eustachian tube is to

Equalize air pressure between the middle air and the outside environment

What three structures make up the earflap?

Elastic cartilage, blood vessels, epithelial tissue

An ear hematoma associated with otitis extema is most often found

On the underside of the pinna

The receptor organ of hearing is the

Organ of Corti

Endolymph is found in the

Inner ear

Animal’s hear different frequencies of sound as a result of

Different areas of the organ of Corti being stimulated

Equilibrium is maintained through stimulation of sensory receptors in the

Vestibule and semicircular canals

The utricle and saccule are filled with

Endolymph

The patch of sensory epithelium that generates nerve impulses that inform the brain about the position of the head is called the

Macula

When the hairs of the__are bent a nerve impulse is genrated that gives the brain information about rotary motion of the head.

Cupula

The vestibule is primarily responsible for sensing

Position of the head

Otoliths are found in the

Vestibule

The sensory hairs that generate nerve impulses that give the brain information about the position and movement of the head are actually

Modified dendrites

The ‘white’ of the eye is the

Sclera

The light that enters the eye enters through the

Cornea

An animal’s eyes “glow” in the dark when a light is shined on them because of the

Tapetum

The species that doesn’t have eyes that”glow” in the dark when a light is shined on them is a/an

Porcine

The colored part of the eye is the

Iris

The “diaphragm” of the eye that controls the amount of light that enters the eye is the

Iris

The opening of the center of the “diaphragm” is the

Pupil

Near and far vision are accommodated through the muscles of the

Ciliary body

The sensory receptors for vision are located in the

Retina

The vitreous compartment of the eyeball is located

Behind the lens and ciliary body

The anterior chamber of the eyeball is located

In front of the iris in aqueous compartment

Where is the aqueous humor produced?

Posterior chamber of the eyeball

The most common cause of glaucoma is

Insufficient drainage of aqueous humor

The__helps focus a clear image on the retina by changing its shape.

Lens

The dividing structure that separates the anterior chamber from the posterior chamber is the

Iris

The dividing structure that separates the aqueous chamber from the vitreous chamber is the

Lens

An animal has an area of inflammation located at the lateral limbus of the left eye. Where is the inflammation located?

Left side of the left eyeball where the sclera meets the cornea

The process of changing the shape of the lens to allow close-up and distant vision is called

Accommodation

When a/an__develops the lens becomes opaque.

Cataract

The blind spot of the eye is the

Optic disc

Which photoreceptors are the most sensitive to light?

Rods

Which part of the eyeball refracts light rays entering the eye the most?

Lens

Where is the nictitaing membrane located?

Medially between the eyeball and the eyelid

Which sensation is a general sensation?

Pain

Which sense depends on mechanical stimulation?

Hearing

Where the upper and lower eyelids meet near the bridge of an animal’s nose is the

Medial canthus

Tears are produced by the

Lacrimal gland

The third eyelid is composed of

Cartilage and conjunctiva

Excess tears are initially drained from the surface of the eyes by the

Lacrimal puncta

The thin, transparent membrane that lines the eyelids is the

Palpebral conjunctiva

The six extraocular muscles that attach to the sclera are

Skeletal muscles