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When was the earliest MCQ?
1916
What is a limitation of the most common MCQ format?
Doesn’t measure partial knowledge
Which 4 MC test formats measure partial knowledge?
Confidence marking
Elimination testing
Complete ordering
Probability testing
What is confidence marking?
Assign confidence to favourite option
What is elimination testing?
Eliminate all options that examinee identifies as incorrect
What is complete ordering
Rank options from most to least favourite
What is probability testing?
Distribute 100 across options
What is the usual formula used for correction for guessing?
1/(n-1) where n= number of options
What did Higham (2007) find about MCQs?
Students omit answers that they actually would have got right but lacked confidence
What did Mcdaniel find is the best?
short answer/ cued recall
What was found from the metanalyses?
Any retrieval practice will have benefits but there were varied findings
What is the negative testing effect?
Students sometimes recall the incorrect answer from a practice test
What did Butler & Roediger find can reduce the negative testing effect?
Corrective feedback
What did Marsh say is important not to practice?
Incorrect answers
What did Little find will tend to happen if you have competitive lures?
You will tend to choose the correct answer
What did Higham & Alamri find about answering questions you have seen earlier?
There is a benefit
What did Higham & Alamri find about back to back questions?
They boost question accuracy
What is the negative testing effect caused by?
Repeating earlier errors
What is the related questions effect caused by?
Responding with earlier corrective feedback
Which 2 effective learning techniques are used by peerwise?
Generation effect
Retrieval practice
What did Kelley find about the peerwise?
Generating questions has a larger positive effect than retrieval practice
Answering a difficult MC question can facilitate performance on related cued-recall questions answered later on, what does this demonstrate?
Ppts were retrieving information about the lures
Note 
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