Lmao she dont een know

Hematocrit

Percentage of RBC in a blood sample

Hematopoiesis

Formation of blood cells that occurs in the bone marrow

Red blood cells

Erythrocytes; very flexible, bend to pass small vessels

Erythropoietin

Hormone that increases production of RBC

Neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, monocytes, lymphocytes

What are the different types of white blood cells

Thrombocytes

Help initiate formation of blood clots

What are the breakdown percentages of blood plasma vs cells?

Blood plasma = 55% Cells = 45%

What are the plasma proteins?

albumins, globulins, fibrinogen

Hemostasis

stoppage of bleeding

Defends body from allergens, 1% of WBC, least common, releases heparin, and histamines

Basophils

Main defense, found in lymph nodes, produces Antibodes 30% of WBC

Lymphocytes

Active phagocyts, help fights off infections, one of the first cells to respond to threats

Neutrophil

Mainly attack parasite, only 2% of WBCs

Eosinophils

Can ingest particles larger than bacterical cells, Largest BC, becomes macrophages = innates immune response, natural and innate immunity

Monocytes

Coagulation

blood clotting

Systemic circulation

circulation that supplies blood to all the body except to the lungs

Pulmonary circulation

flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart

Visceral pericardium

covering closest to the heart

Parietal pericardium

outer covering of the pericardium

Cardiac cycle

one complete heartbeat

Systole

contraction

Diastole

relaxation

What is a normal blood pressure?

120/80

What are some factors that affect blood pressure?

Age and race

What does the "lub dub" sound signify?

The opening and closing of the SA and AV node

Arteries

carry blood away from the heart

Arterioles

smallest arteries

Veins

carry blood to the heart

Venules

small veins

Capillaries

Smallest blood vessels, connects ateroiles, gas exchange happens here

Thrombus

abnormal blood clot

Embolus

moving blood clot

epicardium

outer layer of the heart, reduces friction

Myocardium

muscular, middle layer of the heart

endocardium

Inner layer of the heart, thinnest layer

How does the heart send signals

Nodes, Purkinje fibers

SA Node

pacemaker of the heart

AV Node

relays electrical impulses from atriums into ventricles

AV bundles

sends impulse from AV node to the purkinje fibers

Purkinje fibers

fibers in the ventricles that transmit impulses to the right and left ventricles, causing them to contract

upper respiratory tract

nose, nasal conchae, pharynx, paranasal sinuses

lower respiratory tract

larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, diaphragm

inspiration

breathing in

expiration

breathing out

What is the breathing mechanism

inspiration and expiration

Nose

Nasal cavity

nasal conchae

two bones that help to complete the nasal cavity by forming the side and lower wall

paranasal sinuses

Sinus spaces in the bones

Pharynx

throat; passageway for food to the esophagus and air to the larynx

Larynx

voice box; passageway for air moving from pharynx to trachea; contains vocal cords

Trachea

Allows air to pass to and from lungs

Lungs

soft, spongy, cone-shaped organs in the thoracic cavity

Bronchi

The passages that direct air into the lungs

Bronchioles

smallest branches of the bronchi

Diaphragm

Inferior to the lunges, Major muscle used in respiration

pericardial cavity

contains the fluid that reduce