Ist Midterm

What is the Cloud?

An abstraction of compute, storage, and network infrastructure that delivers IT resources over the internet.

On-demand Self-service

The ability to manage and provision resources from a resource pool based on user needs.

SaaS (Software-as-a-Service)

A cloud service model where full applications are hosted and managed by a service provider, accessible via the internet.

IaaS (Infrastructure-as-a-Service)

A cloud service model that provides fundamental computing infrastructure such as compute, network, and storage that consumers can configure and manage.

Public Cloud

Cloud infrastructure made available to the general public but owned by a service provider.

Private Cloud

Cloud infrastructure available exclusively to one organization.

Data Breaches

Unauthorized access where data is copied, viewed, transmitted, or deleted.

Cloud Migration Issues

Challenges faced when moving data and applications to the cloud, often due to resistance to change existing functioning systems.

Network Segmentation

Dividing the cloud network into separate segments to enhance security.

Insider Threats

Security risks posed by trusted employees

Why use the cloud?

Organizations use the cloud for scalability, cost savings, accessibility, and disaster recovery.

cloud deployment methods

Deployment methods include public, private, hybrid, and community clouds, each suited for different organizational needs.

Challenges of Cloud Computing

Challenges include data security, compliance, integration with existing systems, and managing service provider relationships.

Data Encryption

The process of converting data into a coded format to prevent unauthorized access.

Access Controls

Policies and technologies that limit who can view or use resources in the cloud.

Regular Security Audits

Scheduled evaluations to assess the security measures and compliance of cloud services.

Firewall Protection

Use of network security systems to monitor and control incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules.

Broad network access

Cloud services are accessible over the network through standard mechanisms, promoting use across various platforms.

Resource pooling

service provider computing resources are pooled together in order to meet the needs of various consumers based on demand

Rapid elasticity

Resources can be quickly scaled up or down to meet fluctuating demand.

Measured service

Cloud systems automatically control and optimize resource use by leveraging metering capabilities.

Open Source

Applications developed using open-source code are vulnerable.
Hackers inject code in the Git repo to create backdoors.

PaaS: Platform-as-a-Service

Host provides development and storage platforms with tools for development

VPN

Secure data transmissions between two networks

Data breaches, Cloud Migration issues, insider threats, open source

Cloud security challenges

Network

Collection of connected computers and devices that communicate with each other

Node

Each individual device on a network

IP Address

A unique identifier for a node

Modem

A device that connects the ISP link at your home

Router

Connects two or more IP networks (a.k.a a gateway)

Wireless Access Point

Allows Wi-Fi access

Service

Types of services on a network

Domain Name System

A system that translates human domain names into IP addresses

Topology

The way nodes are arranged on a network

Examples of topology

star, bus, ring, and mesh

Protocol

Standards for how data is transmitted over a network

Internet of Things

A network of physical devices

Local Area Network

Locally connected nodes

Wide Area Network

Nodes connected on a wider network plus connected locally

Internet

Globally connected nodes

Examples of domains

User, Workstation, LAN, WAN, App, and Remote Access

Network security

protection of networking infrastructure from attacks using security mechanisms

primary types of hackers

Recreational, Opportunistic, Professional

Cybersecurity

Protecting critical systems and sensitive information

issues related to networking

Communication, identity theft, privacy, and terrorism

Operating System

Interface between user and computer hardware that manages computer hardware and software

OS functionalities

Resource, process, storage, memory, and privacy management

Shell

Outermost layer of OS that interacts with users

Kernel

Interface between OS and hardware

System Software

Manages drivers, hardware, and OS

App Software

Specific user applications for specific tasks