UNIT 6 - Skull & Mandible

How many bones are in the skull ?

• 11 paired bones

• 6 unpaired bones

What bones make up the skull ?

• Frontal

• Parietal

• Occipital

• Temporal

• Mandible

• Maxilla

• Zygomatic

• Sphenoid

• Ethmoid

• Nasal

• Palatine

• Inferior Nasal Conchae

Where is located the glenoid cavity ?

In the temporal bone

What are the different processes of temporal bone ?

• Mastoid process

• Zygomatic process

• Styloid process

Where does the masseter muscle attach to ?

• temporal bone

• zygomatic bone

• mandible

What are the different portions of palatine bone ?

• horizontal plate (hard palate)

• perpendicular plate (walls of the nasal and orbital cavities)

What are the processes of maxillary bone ?

• alveolar process

• palatine process (articulates with the hard palate)

• frontal process

• zygomatic process

Which parasinus is the largest ?

Maxillary paranasal sinus

What are the different sinuses of the skull ?

• Maxillary sinuses

• Frontal sinuses

• Ethmoid sinuses

• Sphenoid sinuses

What is the muscular particularity of the mandible ?

all the masticatory muscles attach to it

What is mandible ramus doing ?

connects mandible body to mandibular condyles

Which muscles are inserting to the mandibular ramus ?

• Masseter

• Medial pterygoid muscles

Which muscle is inserting through the coronoid process of the mandible ?

Temporalis muscle

What type of joint is TMJ ?

Synovial joint

What are the key structures of the TMJ ?

• Mandibular condyles

• Glenoid cavity

• Articular tubercle

What is the key feature of the articular disc of TMJ ?

avascular and aneural

What does upper joint cavity allow ?

Translational movements

What does lesser joint cavity allow ?

Rotational movements

What are the characteristics of the articular capsule ?

• fibrous covering surrounding the joint

• contains synovial fluid for lubrication and nourishment

What are the different ligaments of the TMJ ?

• lateral ligament (temporo-mandibular)

• spheno-mandibular ligament

• stlyo-mandibular ligament

What are the TMJ movements (EXAM !!!!!!!) ?

• opening and closing

• protursion and retrusion

• lateral movements

Where does nasopalatine nerve pass ?

through incisive foramen