5.7 and 5.8 Meat Production and Overfishing

What is a CAFO or feedlots?

A large industrial facility where animals, such as cattle, pigs, or chickens, are raised in high-density conditions for the purpose of mass production of meat, dairy, or eggs.

What are some Pros and Cons of a CAFO?

Pros: keeping animals confined lowers costs, increase production rates in animals, and improve feeding efficiency.

Cons: Waste produced by animals can contaminate areas, usage of antibiotics for animals can impact human health, and animals produce a lot of greenhouse gases.

What are manure lagoons?

Large man-made pits where manure is stored.

What are the Pros and Cons of manure lagoons?

Pros: Prevents other places from being contaminated, used for natural fertilizers for crops, and cheaper than other methods of waste disposal

Cons: Can contain bad pollutants (bacteria and antibiotics), heavy rain can flood lagoons and runoff into nearby streams, and possibility of leakage.

What is Free Range Grazing?

This is allowing animals to graze in grass outdoors or pasture. (grows at a natural rate)

What are the Pros and Cons of Free Range Grazing?

Pros: Doesn’t require antibiotics due to dispersed pop, waste is dispersed naturally and used as natural fertilizers.

Cons: It requires more land, is more expensive, can lead to overgrazing, and causes desertification.

What is nomadic Grazing?

The feeding of herds of animals by moving them to feeding grounds that are limited or seasonal.

What are the Pros and Cons of Nomadic Grazing

Pros: reduces risk of overgrazing, allows flexibility, and promote biodiversity

Cons: Limited access to resources and vulnerable to climate change

What is undernutrition and malnutrition?

Undernutrition happens when a person doesn't get enough food or nutrients, leading to problems like weight loss, weakness, and stunted growth. It’s mainly due to insufficient calorie or nutrient intake.

Malnutrition is lack of proper nutrition, caused by not having enough to eat, not eating enough of the right things, or being unable to use the food that one does eat.

What are some reasons for undernutrition and malnutrition?

Poverty, political and economic factors, and agricultural resources not being distributed well.

What are fisheries and what do they do?

Populations of fishes that are used for commercial fishing

What percent does fishery collapse happen?

A 90% decline or more of a fish population

What are the consequences of fishery collapse?

Fish population may not recover due to decreased biodiversity, inability to find mates, and inbreeding problems.

What is bottom trawling and what are the consequences?

Bottom trawling is a fishing method of netting across the ocean floor to catch fish.

Bycatching can occur which means unintended catching of nontarget species, stirs up ocean sediment causing disturbances, and decrease biodiversity.