Khan Androgens endocrine test 4

What are the natural androgens?

Testosteron DHT, Estrogen, etc.

In males and females, what is responsible for androgen release?

Males- Leydig→ LH→ testosterone

Females- Corpus Luteum

Why is DHT more potent?

Has a hydrogen on carbon 5.

Testosterone is regulated by…

Negative feedback.

What are the androgenic SE of testosterone?

Promotes male sexual characteristics- penile and sacral growth, Prostate and seminal vesticle growth, hair, layrnx. (Traits that make you a man)

Receptor properties of androgen receptors?

Nucleur Receptors

• Steroid

• PPAR

• Thyroid

Modulates gene transcription

5 alpha reductase subytpes:

TYPE 1: Skin, bone, liver

Type 2: Genital skin, urogenital tissues

How is testosterone Converted into estradiol?

Aromatase

Which anabolic property in men is mediated by estradoiol?

Skeletal muscle growth

How is testosterone ester produced?

Esterifying a fatty acid to the 17 hydroxyl group.

How is testosterone released from these esters?

Testosterone is released from the esters through hydrolysis in vivo

What is the boxed warning of testosterone undecanoate?

Pulmonary oil microembolism

Why are testosterone esters not used as much?

Painful and variable concentration.

What is the problem with transdermal patches?

Skin irritations

Problems with gel and topical solution (1%) ?

Secondary exposure to children

Where should gels and topical solutions be applied?

Gels- shoulders, arms

Topical- Underarm

What can you do to reduce accidental contact of drug in normal individuals?

Nasal gel OR topical gel on thighs

What are some side effects of testosterone undecantoe?

Cough, dyspnea, analyphylaxis

What are the 5- alpha reductase inhibitors? MOA? A/E?

FInasteride, Dutasteride

MOA:Decreased prostate DHT, Increases urinary flow

A/E: Decreased libido

ADR’s of non specific alpha blockers?

Dizziness, hypertension, fatigue

MOA of PDE5 inhibitors? ADRS? CI?

MOA: Inhibit the breakdown of cGMP

ADR’S: HA, flushing, and vission

Nitrates

Major concerns with PDEI?

Priapism, vision loss, hearing loss, hypotension (relaxed)